Ukuba usebenza ngokufota kwedijithali, kwakamsinya okanye kamva uya kufumana iifayile zeRAW kwaye uzibuze ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo onokuthi uyisebenzise ukufumana okuninzi kuzo. KwiWindows kukho iinketho zasimahla kunye nabahlawulwayo abakwaziyo ukuphuhlisa, ukwenza ikhathalogu kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle iifoto zakho kunye nenqanaba lolawulo elingaphezulu kakhulu kunelo lefomathi ezicinezelweyo.
Ukukunceda ukhethe, nasi isikhokelo esipheleleyo esinayo yonke into ekufuneka uyazi: ukusuka kwintoni iRAW kwaye yohluke njani kwiJPG, ukuya Ii -apps ezilungileyo zokuphuhlisa, ukunciphisa ingxolo, kunye nokubuyisela amanqaku aphezulu kunye nezithunzi, kunye nendlela yokuguqulela kwiifomati ezikhaphukhaphu xa ufuna njalo. Sikwabandakanya ukuhamba komsebenzi, amaxabiso, kunye neengcebiso ezisebenzayo.
Yintoni ifomathi yeRAW kunye nomahluko ngeJPG?
I-RAW, ukuyibeka ngokulula, “yidigital negative” yekhamera yakho: iqulethe yonke idatha ekrwada ebanjwe nguluvo, ngaphandle kokulolwa okongeziweyo, ukunciphisa ingxolo, okanye uhlengahlengiso lwekhamera ebhakiweyo. Oku kuvumela indawo enkulu yokubuyisela iinkcukacha kwizithunzi kunye neendawo eziphambili, ukulungelelanisa ibhalansi emhlophe ngaphandle kokuthotywa, kunye nokwandisa uluhlu oluguqukayo.
I-JPG, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sele iphekwe yikhamera: isebenza ukunciphisa ingxolo, ukuchasana, ubukhali kunye noxinzelelo. Yiyo loo nto "inokujongeka" ngcono ekuqaleni., kodwa ikwamisela umda ukuba ungatyhala kude kangakanani na uhlela phambi kokuba kuvele izinto zakudala okanye iiposta.
- I-RAW yi funda kuphela; iisetingi zakho zigcinwa kwiikhathalogu okanye kwii-sidecars (ezifana ne-.xmp).
- Izipesheli Uluhlu lweDynamic phezulu: umda ongaphezulu phakathi kwethunzi elinzulu kunye nezinto eziphambili.
- Inokunyanzeliswa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwaye ivumela tshintsha indawo yombala xa uthumela ngaphandle (sRGB, Adobe RGB, njl.).
- Iifayile zakho zinobunzima obungaphezulu: ubukhulu obukhulu kwiJPG/TIFF ukuze iqulathe ulwazi oluninzi.
- “Ayikakulungeli ukupapasha” kwangoko: iyafuna kutyhilwa kwisoftware ehambelanayo.
Ukuba uthatha ifoto efanayo kwi-RAW kunye neJPG, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba iJPG ibonakale "igqityiwe" kanye ngaphandle kwekhamera. I-RAW ijonge ukukunika ulawulo olupheleleyo ukuze wenze isigqibo sokugqiba emva koko., into exatyiswayo ngabo bobabini abaqhuba kakuhle nabaziingcali.
I-Nomenclature kunye nokuhambelana ne-brand
Umenzi ngamnye usebenzisa ulwandiso lwakhe: Nikon (NEF), Canon (CR2/CR3), Sony (ARW/SR2), Olympus (ORF), Fujifilm (RAF), Panasonic (RW2), Pentax (PEF) njalo njalo. Nangona igama lefayile litshintsha, ngeenjongo ezisebenzayo Zonke ziyi-"RAW" kwaye inokuvulwa kwiinkqubo ezininzi zophuhliso ezidumileyo.
Ukongeza kwi-proprietary, kukho i-DNG (i-Digital Negative), umgangatho ovulekileyo ovela kwi-Adobe. Abaphuhlisi abaninzi baxhasa ezi fomati ngaphandle kweengxaki. kwaye zihlaziywa rhoqo kwiikhamera ezintsha kunye neeprofayili zelensi.
Abahleli beRAW basimahla beWindows
RawTherapee
I-RawTherapee yisoftware yasimahla ene-injini ye-32-bit edadayo kunye nenkqubo engonakalisi. Igqamile kwi-algorithms yayo yedemosaic, ulawulo lombala kunye neenkcukachaIimpawu ziquka imephu yethowuni ye-HDR, izixhobo ezibanzi zokuphucula, kunye nethoni egobileyo.
Kwiinguqulelo zayo zamva nje yongeze imo Dehaze (ukususwa kwenkungu), ukunyanzeliswa koluhlu lombala, inkxaso epheleleyo yeCanon RAW eqhumayo, ukuphuculwa kokulungiswa kokuphazamiseka, kunye nemodyuli ehlaziyiweyo kunye nesithunzi. Abasebenzisi baye baxela ukuphazamiseka kwixesha elidlulileyo., kodwa ababhekisi phambili bazithobile ezo ngxaki kancinane.
Ujongano lunokuba lukhulu ekuqaleni, kunye neepaneli ezininzi kunye nezilayidi, kwaye azikho zininzi izifundo ezisemthethweni, ke uya kufunda ngokwenza. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba makhulu amathuba okuba nako., kunye neziphumo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nolawulo oluhle kwiparameter nganye. ISoftpedia iyilinganisele 4,0 ngaphandle kwe-5. enye indawo enkulu yasimahla kwi-Lightroom egcina umgangatho womfanekiso nangona ujongano olushinyeneyo.
Ukuhamba kwayo kwahlulahlulwe kwiithebhu ezintathu: iFayile Explorer, uMhleli kunye Umgca webhetshiKuMhleli, uya kufumana i-histogram, i-navigator, imbali, iisnapshots, kwaye, ngasekunene, iimodyuli ezinje ngoKutyhileka, iNgcaciso, uMbala, uPhambili, uGuqulo, iRAW, kunye neMetadata. Ivumela ukwenziwa kwebhetshi ngelixa uqhubeka nokuhlela.
Mnyama
I-Darktable isimahla, isoftware enqamlezileyo ekhuphisana nentloko ukuya entloko kunye ne-Lightroom. Isebenza ngokungonakalisi, idibanisa ulawulo lwemibala yobuchwephesha kwaye ixhasa iikhamera ezingaphezu kwama-400. Kangangeminyaka, yayikhethekile kwiLinux nakwiMacOS; namhlanje, inoguqulelo oluzinzileyo lweWindows.
I-interface yayo ikhumbuza i-Lightroom kwaye inikezela iimodyuli ezifana neTable Table (ilayibrari), i-Darkroom (uphuhliso), i-Capture, i-Slides kunye neMaphu. Kubandakanya ukuzenzekela kwemisebenzi ephindaphindwayo, ukuthumela ngaphandle okuninzi, kunye nokukhawuleziswa kwehardware. Yenye yezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zasimahla kwii-hobbyists eziphambili kunye neengcali.
UkuKhanya
I-LightZone isondela kuphuhliso kunye nendlela "yokukhanya komzimba" kwaye isebenza nayo izixhobo ezipakishwayo kwisitayile "sesitaki" seseto, onokuthi uyivule, uyenze ingasebenzi, okanye uyiphindaphinde ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa eyoqobo. Ikuvumela ukuba wenze iimaski kwaye uzobe imimandla (i-polygonal, i-spline, i-Bezier) ukusebenzisa iziphumo kuphela kwiindawo ezithile.
Ujongano lwayo lucacile kwaye ngeSpanish, kunye neendlela ezimbini eziphambili: Buka kwaye Hlela. Inikeza izimbo ezichazwe kwangaphambili ukusebenzisa njengesiseko, utshintsho lwembali, kunye nezixhobo ezifana neMaphu yeZowuni, ukukhanya kwakhona, ukulola, ibhalansi emhlophe, kunye nokulinganisela koMbala. Ukukhuphela kufuna ukubhaliswa, kodwa kuyakhawuleza.
DigiKam
IDigiKam iyafumaneka kwiWindows, macOS, kunye neLinux. Ekuboneni kokuqala, kubonakala ngathi ikhathalogu, kodwa Ikwanazo nezixhobo zokuhlela ezinamandlaUyilo lwayo luhamba lusuka "kwimigangatho" eqhelekileyo kwaye lubeka ikholamu yee-icon ngasekunene nazo zonke izenzo, ezithi, xa sele uziqhelile, zikhawuleze kwaye zilungele.
I-GIMP, iFotor, iKrita kunye neFotopea
IFotor ibonelela ngedesktop, iselfowuni, kunye neeapps zewebhu. Inguqulelo yedesktop ikuvumela ukuba uguqule/uhlele iRAW simahla (kunye neentengiso kwezinye iintlobo). Ilungele ukubona ukuba umsinga we-RAW uyalingana na le nto uyikhangelayo ngaphandle kokuchitha intywenka yemali.
I-Krita ixhasa i-RAW kodwa inemodyuli encinci: ngokusisiseko utyhileko, uphuculo kunye nokulungiswa kombala; ayinikezeli ngokuqhubekayo okungonakalisi ngokupheleleyo kwe-RAW. Nangona kunjalo, iluncedo ukuba sele usebenzisa iKrita kwaye ufuna uhlengahlengiso olukhawulezayo.
Ifotopea ifana nePhotoshop kwi-interface kunye neempawu, kwaye ivula i-RAW kwisikhangeli. Imodyuli yayo RAW isisiseko (i-exposure, iqondo lobushushu/i-tint, umahluko), akukho zilayidi ezizinikeleyo zabantsundu, abamhlophe, ukucaca, okanye ukuthungwa, okanye ukugquma ubuso obuphambili. Ilungile kuhlengahlengiso lokukhanya.
Photivo
I-Photivo lolunye ukhetho lwasimahla olukhethekileyo ekusebenzeni kwe-RAW ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lokuvezwa, umbala, kunye nokubukhali. Ibandakanya ukulungiswa kweepixels ezineziphene (iluncedo kakhulu ukuba isivamvo sakho sibonisa ipixels ezishushu) kunye nolungiso olusebenzayo lwechromatic aberration.
Idibanisa ngokuqinileyo ne-GIMP kuhambo olujikelezayo: ungathumela umfanekiso kwi-GIMP, uwuhlele kwaye yibuyisele ePhotivo ukugcina intambo yomsebenzi. Inamandla kwaye ibhetyebhetye, nangona inegophe lokufunda.
Iinkqubo ezihlawulweyo zokuhlela iRAW
Ukuba ukhangele umgangatho owongezelelweyo, inkxaso esemthethweni, ukudibanisa kunye neeplagi kunye ngcono ii-demosacing okanye iinjini zokunciphisa ingxolo, ezi ndlela zokuhlawula zikhuselekile kwi-Windows.
Thatha enye
Capture One luphawu lobuchwephesha olunomaleko kunye nemaski, ulawulo lombala oluphezulu, ukunciphisa ingxolo, ibhalansi emhlophe, iigophe, kunye nokucaca, phakathi kwezinye ezininzi. Ikuvumela ukuba uthumele ngaphandle kwiJPEG, PSD, okanye TIFF, kwaye ujonge iziphumo ngaphambi kokuthumela ngaphandle. Ujongano lwayo ayisiyiyo eyona intuitive kwiveki yokuqala, kodwa yenzelwe ukubanga ukuhamba komsebenzi.
Amaxabiso (ngokusekwe kukhetho lwamva nje): ilayisenisi yekhompyutha engapheliyo ye-€349 okanye umrhumo osuka malunga ne-18,25 € / ngenyanga; iphakheji ye-All-in-One (ikhompyutheni + yeselula) ukusuka kwi-€24,92 / ngenyanga. Kukwakho nezicwangciso zecamera-brand-specific.
Kwingxolo kunye noluhlu oluguquguqukayo: abasebenzisi abaninzi bakhetha ukuxhasa i C1 yokunciphisa ingxolo ngeeplagi njengeTopaz DeNoise/Photo AI okanye iDxO PureRAW. Ukuqaqambisa kunye nokubuyiswa kwesithunzi, i-Capture One iqinile kwaye iyakhawuleza, kunye nokuhlelwa kwendawo okuchanekileyo.
DxO IfotoLab
Nangona olunye uphononongo lwabasebenzisi luthi ukuqaqambisa / ukubuyiswa kwesithunzi ayisiyiyo eyona ndawo inamandla, ekusebenzeni iPhotoLab ibonelela UkuKhanya okuhlakaniphile kunye noLawulo lweNdawo eqhuba kakuhle kakhulu xa ikwazile. Apho kukhanya ngaphandle kombuzo kukho ingxolo: injini yayo ye-DeepPRIME/DeepPRIME XD iphakathi kwezona zibalaseleyo kwimarike.
Ukuba okuphambili kwakho yingxolo kwaye awufuni ukubhalisa, iDxO PhotoLab okanye DxO PureRAW njengeprosesa yangaphambili Ngaphambi kokuhlela kwi-app yakho oyithandayo ziinketho ezicetyiswa kakhulu.
I-Adobe Lightroom kunye nekhamera ekrwada
I-Lightroom mhlawumbi ngoyena mhleli we-RAW owaziwayo. Ubhaliso lwayo lubandakanya ukuvumelanisa ilifu, ukuhlela okungonakalisi ngeeprofayili, ibhrashi yokuphilisa, ukudibanisa imibala, ukucaca/ukuthungwa, uhlengahlengiso olukhethiweyo, igophe lethoni, kunye neepanorama zeHDR. I-Adobe Sensei AI inceda ngohlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo kunye nemaski.
Izicwangciso zesiqhelo: Lightroom (1 TB) malunga € 12,09 ngenyanga okanye i-Lightroom + Photoshop bundle (20 GB) ngexabiso elifanayo. Ikhamera ekrwada, iplagi yePhotoshop, ikuvumela ukuba uphuhlise iifayile zeRAW ngaphambi kokuba udlulele kuhlelo oluphambili, kwaye ihlala idityaniswa kwiLifu leCreative. Njengenye indlela yasimahla kwi-ACR, Indawo yokusebenzela yeOlympus gubungela ukuhamba okusisiseko ukuba awuzukwenza izilungiso ezinobundlobongela.
I-Luminar (AI / Neo) kunye nezandiso
I-Luminar ivelele ekusebenziseni kwayo ingqiqo ukukhawulezisa ukuhlela: ukutshintshwa kwesibhakabhaka okuzenzekelayo, ukuchukumisa ulusu kunye nobuso, kunye neseti ebanzi yezihluzi kunye nezilayidi. I-interface ilula kwaye inokusebenza njenge iplagi evela kwabanye abahleli.
Ezinye izinikezelo zithengiswe ngentlawulo yexesha elinye (umzekelo, iindibaniselwano ezifana ne-“Luminar AI + Aurora HDR”), kunye nokhetho oluqikelelwayo lwesixhobo esi-1 se-€47, izixhobo ezi-2 ze-59 ye-euro, kunye neepakethe ezipheleleyo ze-67–148 ngokuxhomekeke kwindibaniselwano. Soloko ujonga isicwangciso sangoku kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni, njengoko ihluka phakathi kwelayisensi engunaphakade kunye nokubhalisa.
I-Luminar Neo ikuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise i-RAW + JPEG amathala eencwadi njengongeno olulodwa, utshintshe ngokulula iinguqulelo. Ilungile ukuba ufuna iziphumo ezikhawulezayo kunye neziphumo ezitsala amehlo ngaphandle kwegophe lokufunda.
Ifoto ye-Affinity 2
I-Zoner Photo Studio X
Enye indlela eyaziwa kancinci edibanisa uphuhliso lwe-Photoshop-style kunye nokuhlelwa kwindawo enye. Ikuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise ibhetshi, ikhathalogu kwaye udibanise iividiyo ezincinciI-interface yeyangoku kwaye injini iqhuba kakuhle xa iphethe iifoto ezininzi.
PhotoPad
Ukuba ufuna nje uhlengahlengiso olusisiseko, iFotoPad ibonelela ngokunqampuna, ukujikeleza, uhlengahlengiso, izihluzi ezilula kunye nokuguqulwa kombala/uthelekiso, iyahambelana neRAW. Lusetyenziso olukhaphukhaphu kwabo bangadingi mphuhlisi ophucukileyo.
RAW ukuya kwiJPG yoGuqulo kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi
Emva kokuphuhlisa, unokufuna ukuthumela ngaphandle kwifomathi elula okanye engaphezulu. Abahleli ngokwabo bakuvumela ukuba uguqulele kwiJPG, TIFF okanye iPNG ngolawulo lobungakanani, iprofayile yombala kunye nobukhali bemveliso.
Ukuba ufuna inketho ye-intanethi, i-ILoveIMG iguqula i-RAW kwiJPG ngokuthe ngqo ngokulayisha ifayile kunye nokukhuphela umphumo. AnyConv isebenza ngendlela efanayo, kunye nokulinganiselwa kweefayile zegalelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100 MB.
Kwizisombululo zasimahla kunye nezikhaphukhaphu zedesktop, zama iXnView MP, UFRaw okanye FastStone Image Viewer. Ukuba udubula iCanon, iDigital Photo Professional (DPP) lukhetho olusemthethweni: inkqubo, ukujonga, kunye nokuphinda uchukumise i-RAW ngokujikeleza, ibhalansi emhlophe, usetyenziso oluguquguqukayo loluhlu, izilungiso zemibala kunye nejika lethoni echanekileyo (ingakumbi isebenza ngeekhamera zeCanon).
Khumbula ukuba uninzi lweeapps ziyaxhasa ukuhlela ibhetshi (umzekelo, i-"Batch Queue" kwi-RawTherapee), ilungele ukusebenzisa uhlengahlengiso olufanayo kwiseshoni yonke ngelixa uqhubeka nokusebenza kweminye imifanekiso.
Izithunzi, iimbalasane, kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo: yintoni onokuyikhetha ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho
Ukuba ungumntu osafundayo, uthatha iifoto ngamaxesha athile kwaye uyakhetha intlawulo ngexesha elinye ngaphandle imirhumo Ngohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olumalunga ne-300 yeedola, ezi zizikhokelo eziluncedo:
- Ukubuyiswa kweembalasane / izithunziI-Capture One inika ulawulo oluhle kunye neeleya ezinamandla. Ifoto ye-Affinity 2, nenkqubo yayo ye-RAW ephindwe kabini, ifumana iziphumo ezimangalisayo ngokudibanisa uphuhliso olubini. I-DxO PhotoLab, ene-Smart Lighting kunye nohlengahlengiso lwasekhaya, nayo iqhuba kakuhle ukuba uyayiqonda.
- Ukucuthwa kwengxolo: I-DxO igqwesile nge-DeepPRIME/DeepPRIME XD. Ukuba ukhetha Thatha enye, kuqhelekile ukuyidibanisa nayo iiplagi ezifana neTopaz DeNoise/Photo AI okanye iDxO PureRAW ukuqhubela phambili ingxolo kunye nedemosaic.
- Ixabiso: Thatha i-One Perpetual ijikeleze i-€349 (kancinane ngaphezu kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhankanyileyo); Ifoto ye-Affinity 2 kunye nezinye iilayisensi zeLuminar zihlala zilingana nebhili kancinci kancinci; I-DxO PhotoLab/PureRAW iyaguquguquka ngokusekwe kunyuso.
Ngokwenyani, abantu abaninzi abanomdla wokuzilibazisa bakhetha: 1) DxO PureRAW ukucoca ingxolo kunye nokwandisa iinkcukacha njengenyathelo lokuqala, kunye ne-2) ukuphuhlisa / ukuphinda uthinte umhleli owuthandayo (Thatha enye, i-Lightroom, i-Affinity, okanye i-Luminar). Luhambo oluguquguqukayo, olukumgangatho ophezulu oluhlonipha utyalo-mali lwakho.
Kwaye iCapCut yokuhlela iRAW?
Kwiwebhu, uya kubona iingcebiso zokubeka uCapCut njengoyena "mhle umhleli we-RAW" enezixhobo zokuvezwa, umbala, ukunqampuna, ukunciphisa ingxolo, kunye nokuhamba okulula kwe-intanethi. Nangona kunjalo, iCapCut ayingomphuhlisi we-RAW wakudala. Xa kuthelekiswa nokuThatha enye, i-Lightroom, okanye i-Darktable: inkxaso yayo ye-RAW kunye nobunzulu bolawulo bulinganiselwe kwaye ijolise ngakumbi kumxholo wentlalo kunye nevidiyo.
Ukuba ufuna uphuhliso olunzulu nge ukulawula izibane, izithunzi, umbala kunye neenkcukachaSincoma ukusebenzisa abahleli abazinikeleyo kwesi sikhokelo. ICapCut inokuba luncedo kuhlengahlengiso olukhawulezayo okanye kumxholo we-intanethi, kodwa ayithathi ndawo yomphuhlisi okhethekileyo weRAW.
I-FAQ eKhawulezayo
Zeziphi iisetingi eziqhelekileyo xa uhlela iRAW? Isityalo, ukukhanya, ukugcwala, izithunzi kunye neendawo eziphambili, ibhalansi emhlophe, kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo. Abahleli be-RAW babonelela ngezixhobo ezifanayo nabahleli beefoto ngokubanzi, kodwa ngoluhlu olukhulu lweenketho zokuhlela ngaphandle kokuthotywa.
Ngaba ndifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuphuhlisa iRAW? Hayi ngokungqongqo. Nayiphi na iPC yangoku iya kwenza; kunjalo, RAM ngaphezulu, a GPU ehambelanayo, kunye SSD uya kuphucula kakhulu amava kunye neekhathalogu ezinkulu okanye AI algorithms kwaye ukuba uneengxaki zokuvula imifanekiso, khangela Iimpazamo xa uvula imifanekiso Windows 11.
Izinto ezilungileyo zeRAW ngaphezulu kweJPG? Ulawulo ngakumbi kunye nomgangatho xa uhlela: ibhalansi emhlophe ehlengahlengiswayo, uluhlu oluphezulu oluguquguqukayo kunye ii-artifact ezimbalwa ngokutyhala izilayidi. Ilungele ukufezekisa ukugqiba okugudisiweyo.
Ngaba ndingayihlela iRAW kwifowuni ephathwayo okanye ithebhulethi? Ewe, kukho usetyenziso lwe-Android kunye ne-iOS, nangona i-desktop ecosystem isabonelela ubunzulu kunye nokusebenza.
Ngoku uyazazi iinketho ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nendlela ezihambelana ngayo nezinto eziphambili kuwe (ingxolo, uluhlu oluguquguqukayo, intlawulo yexesha elinye, okanye ukubhalisa). Ukuba into yakho kukukhama izibane kunye nezithunzi kwaye udubula ngamaxesha athile, Capture One, Affinity Photo 2, DxO PhotoLab/PureRAW, Darktable or RawTherapee iya kugubungela i-99% yeemeko zakho; kwaye ukuba ujonge isantya ngeziphumo ezilungileyo, Ilamuni Yeyona ndlela imfutshane kakhulu.
