IAmazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) Ngenye yezona nkonzo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiNkonzo zeWebhu ye-Amazon (AWS), kwaye ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba baqalise iiseva ezibonakalayo kwifu kunye noqwalaselo oluhlukeneyo ngokweemfuno zabo. Ezi seva, ezaziwa ngokuba EC2 iimeko, ziqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ziyakaleka, zizenza zilungele zombini iiprojekthi ezilula kunye nezicelo zamashishini amakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, iintlobo ezininzi zemizekelo kunye nobukhulu obukhoyo kunokuba nzima kwabo batsha kwi-cloud computing. Ke ngoko, kweli nqaku, siza kujongana ngokubanzi kwaye ngokucacileyo sijongane nokhetho ngalunye lwe-AWS olunikezelayo ngokweentlobo zemizekelo yeEC2, sichaza iimpawu zabo, izinto eziluncedo, iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokusetyenziswa, kunye nendlela yokukhetha eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kwimfuno nganye.
Yintoni kanye kanye umzekelo we-Amazon EC2?
Omnye Umzekelo weEC2 Yiyo, eneneni, iseva ebonakalayo esebenza kwilifu laseAmazon. Unokucinga ngayo njengekhompyuter eqeshiweyo ehlala ifumaneka, onokuthi uyivule kwaye uyicime njengoko kufuneka, kwaye ilungelelanisa ngokugqibeleleyo kwiimfuno zezicelo zakho.
Le mizekelo inokuba nolungelelwaniso olwahlukeneyo. CPU, RAM, ugcino kunye nenethiwekhi. Ukongeza, banikezela ngeemodeli ezininzi zokuhlawula, ezikuvumela ukuba wenze ngcono ukusebenza kunye neendleko.
Iimodeli zokuthenga ezifumanekayo zeEC2
Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe uhlobo lomzekelo oza kuwusebenzisa, kubalulekile ukuqonda iimodeli zokuhlawula ezibonelelwa yi-AWS, njengoko zinokuchaphazela kakhulu uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lweprojekthi:
- Iimeko ezifunwayo: Uhlawula ngesibini okanye iyure esetyenzisiweyo, ngaphandle kokuzinikela kwexesha elide. Ilungele ukulinga okanye kwizicelo ezinomthwalo oguquguqukayo womsebenzi.
- Iimeko ezigciniweyo: Bafuna ukuzibophelela kwe-1 ukuya kwi-3 ngonyaka ngokutshintshiselana ngexabiso eliphantsi. Iyacetyiswa xa isaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba izibonelelo ziya kufuneka ixesha elide.
- Imeko yendawo: Basebenzisa amandla e-AWS angaphezulu kwaye banokufikelela kwi-90% ngexabiso eliphantsi kunesidingo, kodwa banokuphazanyiswa nangaliphi na ixesha. Zilungele imithwalo yokunyamezela iimpazamo okanye ukuvavanya.
Ukuhlelwa ngokubanzi kweemeko ze-Amazon EC2
I-AWS iququzelela iimeko ze-EC2 zibe intsapho kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwezibonelelo kunye nodidi lomsebenzi abawunikezelayo. Usapho ngalunye lwenzelwe ukugubungela uhlobo oluthile lwemfuno:
- Iinjongo jikelele: Balinganisela i-CPU, i-RAM kunye nenethiwekhi. Ifanelekile kwizicelo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo.
- Compute Optimized: Yenzelwe imisebenzi enzima ye-CPU efana nokusebenza kwezibalo okanye iiseva zewebhu ezinomthamo omkhulu.
- Inkumbulo Ilungiselelwe: Ilungele izicelo ezifuna imisebenzi emininzi ye-RAM, efana nogcino-lwazi lwememori.
- Ugcino Lulungiselelwe: Ikhethekileyo kwidisk-intensive reading/ukubhala, njengendawo yogcino-lwazi oluhambisa imithamo emikhulu yedatha.
- i-Accelerated Computing: Basebenzisa ii-GPUs okanye ii-FPGAs ukukhawulezisa umsebenzi onjengokufunda koomatshini, uhlalutyo lwevidiyo, ukulinganisa, njl.
Ithini imizekelo yeEC2?
IAmazon isebenzisa indibano yamagama enokuthi ibonakale ibhidekile ekuqaleni, kodwa yakuba iqondwa, ikunceda ukuba uchonge ngokukhawuleza iimpawu zomzekelo ngamnye. Igama elifana c5d.xlarge ibonisa oku kulandelayo:
- c: Unobumba wokuqala ubonisa i familia. Kule meko, u-“c” ulungiselelwe iimeko ezilungelelanisiweyo.
- 5: Le nombolo ibonisa i isizukulwana. Okukhona liphezulu inani, kokukhona intsapho yakutshanje.
- d: Oonobumba abongezelelweyo babonisa iimpawu ezongezelelweyo. "d" kuthetha ukuba une-NVMe SSDs yendawo.
- enkulu: Ibonisa i ubungakanani yesixhobo, esichaphazela ii-CPU cores ezikhoyo, i-RAM, kunye nenethiwekhi.
Iinkcukacha zosapho ngalunye lwe-EC2
Amathuba okusetyenziswa ngokubanzi
Ziimeko eziguquguqukayo zemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Balinganisela i-CPU, imemori kunye nokusebenza kwenethiwekhi, kwaye ifanelekile kubaphuhlisi, amashishini amancinci, kunye neendawo zokuvavanya.
Imizekelo:
- M5: Ilungile kwiiseva zewebhu, ii-backends, kunye neemeko zophuhliso.
- T3 y T4g: Iindleko eziphantsi, zilungele imithwalo eguquguqukayo. Basebenzisa inkqubo yekhredithi ye-CPU evumela ukuba kubekho i-spikes yokusebenza ngamaxesha athile.
Bala iimeko ezilungiselelweyo
Yenzelwe imisebenzi efuna amandla amaninzi ekhompyuter. Zifanelekile kwiimodeli zamanani, uhlalutyo olunzima lwedatha okanye ukunikezelwa..
Imizekelo:
- C5: Ngokusekwe kwiprosesa ephezulu ye-Intel Xeon.
- C6g y C7g: Basebenzisa iitshiphusi zeGraviton2 kunye neGraviton3, banikezela ngophuculo olukhulu lokusebenza kunye nexabiso elingcono.
Memory Optimized iimeko
Le mizekelo ine izixa eziphezulu RAM. Zigqibelele kwiinkqubo zedatha yememori, i-Big Data analytics, okanye iinkqubo ze-caching ezifana neRedis.
Imizekelo:
- R5 y R6g: Igqwesileyo kwiinkqubo ezifuna idatha eninzi kwi-RAM.
- X2gd: Yenzelwe uvimba weenkcukacha wememori ukuya kuthi ga kwi-12 TB yememori.
Ugcino Olulungiselelwe Iimeko
Igqibelele ukuba isicelo sakho sifuna funda kwaye ubhale idatha eninzi rhoqo. Le mizekelo ibandakanya ii-NVMe SSDs zasekhaya ezikhawuleza kakhulu.
Imizekelo:
- I3: Baqhuba kakuhle kakhulu kwimisebenzi enzulu yokufunda/yokubhala, efana noovimba beenkcukacha zeNoSQL.
- D3: Ikhethekileyo kuhlalutyo lwemithwalo yemisebenzi kunye needathabheyisi zobudlelwane.
Iimeko zeKhompyutha ezikhawulezayo
Babandakanya izixhobo ezizodwa ezifana GPU, FPGA okanye iiprosesa zesiko. Ziyilelwe ukufundwa koomatshini, uhlalutyo lwevidiyo, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa, kunye neminye imisebenzi enzima.
Imizekelo:
- P4: Yenzelwe uqeqesho lwemizekelo yokufunda nzulu.
- G5: Igqwesileyo kunikezelo lwe-3D okanye imisebenzi yemizobo.
- INF1: Yenzelwe ukukhawulezisa intelekelelo yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa.
Iiprosesa ziyafumaneka kwiimeko zeEC2
IAmazon EC2 ibonelela ngeendidi zeeprosesa ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye neendleko zeemeko zakho.
Intel
Kunye neetekhnoloji ezifana I-Turbo Boost, i-AVX, i-AVX2 kunye ne-AVX-512, ilungele izicelo ezifuna ubalo oluninzi.
I-AMD EPYC
Banikezela nge umgangatho olungileyo wexabiso-ukusebenza kunye neetekhnoloji ezifana neTurbo Core. Ifanelekile kwimithwalo ephakathi kunye nenkulu.
I-AWS Graviton (iGraviton2 kunye neGraviton3)
Iiprosesa eziyilwe yiAmazon kuyilo lweArM. Bagqama kwezabo ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye neendleko ezincitshisiweyo. Kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba isoftware iyahambelana.
I-Virtualization kunye neNkqubo yeNitro
I-AWS isebenzisa iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zokubonwa:
- IParavirtual (PV): Endala, ayisebenzi kakuhle.
- I-HVM (Umatshini obonakalayo weHardware): Icetyiswa ngenkxaso yayo yenethiwekhi ephuculweyo kunye nokusebenza okungcono.
Ukongeza, kwiimeko ezininzi kusetyenziswa Inkqubo yeNitro, ephucula ukusebenza, ukhuseleko, kwaye ivumela ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-hardware ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukuqinisekiswa. Le nkqubo ingundoqo kwiimeko zangoku.
Iimeko zeMetal ezingenanto
Imizekelo Isinyithi esingenanto Bakuvumela ukuba usebenzise ngokuthe ngqo i-hardware ye-server ye-hardware ngaphandle kwe-virtualization, efanelekileyo kumthwalo othile obuthathaka odinga ufikelelo olupheleleyo kumatshini womzimba.
Imizekelo: m5.metal, c5.metal, r5.metal, u-9tb1.metal
Imida yemeko kunye nendlela yokulawula
I-AWS ibeka ngokuqinisekileyo imida engagqibekanga kwinani leemeko ezinokuqhutywa ngosapho ngalunye, ummandla, okanye uhlobo lwentlawulo.
- Umzekelo, ungathumela ukuya kuthi ga kwimizekelo engama-20 kwingingqi nganye ekuqaleni.
- Le mida inokunyuswa ngesicelo esivela kwi-console ye-AWS.
Kukuziqhelanisa kakuhle esweni ukusetyenziswa iimeko zakho kwaye ulindele ukwanda ukuba iprojekthi yakho iyakhula.
Iinkqubo ezilungileyo zokukhetha iimeko zeEC2
Ukukhetha umzekelo ofanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Nasi isikhokelo esincinci:
1. Hlalutya iimfuno zakho
Ngaba usetyenziso lwakho lufuna ubalo olungakumbi, inkumbulo, okanye ugcino? Yiyiphi i-traffic yenethiwekhi eya kusingatha? Ungafumana ulwazi malunga iintlobo zeenkonzo zamafu oko kunokukunceda uqonde iimfuno zakho.
2. Khetha usapho olufanelekileyo
Ngokusekwe kwinyathelo langaphambili, khetha phakathi kwe C, R, M, I, njl.
3. Qinisekisa ubungakanani kunye novavanyo
Qala ngomzekelo omncinci kwaye wenze uvavanyo lwentsebenzo. Ubeka iliso kwi-CPU, imemori kunye nenethiwekhi. Qiniseka ukuba uphume hybrid cloud storage ukwandisa izixhobo zakho.
4. Lungisa xa kuyimfuneko
Ungoyiki ukukala okanye ukutshintsha iintsapho ukuba ayilunganga. Yinxalenye yenkqubo.
Amazon AWS EC2 iimeko
Las Iimeko zeAmazon AWS EC2 zibalulekile ekubekeni nayiphi na iprojekthi efini. Ngoluhlu oluninzi olunje lweentlobo, ubungakanani, kunye namaxabiso, ukwazi ukhetho lwakho kunokongela imali, kuphucule ukusebenza kwakho, kwaye kuthintele ukuphazamiseka kobugcisa.
Isuka e imibutho ngokubanzi Ukusuka kwi-GPU ekhethekileyo, ukugcinwa, okanye iimeko zememori, kukho isisombululo sayo yonke imfuno. Iqhinga kukwazi, ukuvavanya kunye nokulungelelanisa. Yabelana ngeli nqaku kwaye abantu abaninzi baya kwazi malunga nesihloko..