Ukufika kweDirectStorage kwiWindows 10 nakwiWindows 11 Ivule isahluko esitsha semidlalo yePC, izisa uninzi lweenzuzo esisele sizinandipha kwiikhonsoli ezifana nePS5 okanye iXbox Series X|S kwiikhompyutha zedesktop kunye neelaptop. Nangona kunjalo, uluhlu lwemidlalo eyisebenzisa ngokwenene le teknoloji luselufutshane kunokuba abadlali abaninzi bebelindele, kwaye oku kudala ukungaqiniseki okukhulu xa ukhetha ukuba zeziphi izihloko ezifanele ukuqwalaselwa.
Ukuba ujonge imidlalo engcono kakhulu eyenzelwe iDirectStorage kwiWindows 11Kubalulekile ukuqala uqonde kakuhle ukuba le API yenza ntoni, ukuba zeziphi iimfuno zehardware enazo, kwaye kutheni, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ayizizo zonke ii-releases zemidlalo eziquka yona. Ngaphezu koko, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba olu phuculo alupheleli nje ekunciphiseni ukulayisha izikrini, kodwa lukwamalunga nokwenza ihlabathi elikhulu libe nkulu, ukwakheka okuneenkcukacha ngakumbi, kunye namava athambileyo, ukuba nje umdlalo ulungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Yintoni iDirectStorage kwaye kutheni ibalulekile kwimidlalo yeWindows 11?
I-DirectStorage yi-Microsoft API Yenzelwe ukukhawulezisa ukuhamba kwedatha ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina ukuya kwikhadi lemizobo, ivumela i-NVMe SSD ukuba inike amandla i-GPU ngesantya esiphezulu ngaphandle kokuthintela i-CPU. Yaqala njengenxalenye yoyilo lwe-Xbox Velocity kwi-Xbox Series X kunye ne-S, kwaye kamva yahlengahlengiswa kwi-ecosystem yeWindows 10 kunye neWindows 11.
Kwimodeli yendabuko yokulayisha idathaIifayile zomdlalo zifundwa kwi-hard drive (HDD okanye i-SSD), zidluliselwe kwi-CPU, zisuswe kwi-compress apho, zize zithunyelwe kwimemori ye-GPU ukuze ziboniswe. Elinye la manyathelo longeza i-latency, kwaye kwizihloko ezinehlabathi elikhulu elivulekileyo, ii-textures ze-4K, kunye nentaba yezixhobo, loo latency iguqulelwa ekubeni ngamaxesha amade okulayisha kunye nokugungqa okuncinci xa umdlalo ufuna ukulayisha umxholo omninzi ngephanyazo.
I-DirectStorage iyaphula loo patheni yakudala Oku kuvumela idatha ecinezelweyo ukuba ihambe ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka kwi-NVMe SSD ukuya kwi-GPU, idlulisela i-decompression kwikhadi lemizobo ngokwayo. Ngale ndlela, i-CPU ayiseyiyo i-intermediary ekhoyo kuyo yonke indawo, umthwalo wokucubungula uyancitshiswa, kwaye ixesha eliphakathi komdlalo xa ucela idatha kunye nexesha i-GPU eyilungele ukuyiveza kwisikrini liyancitshiswa.
Isiphumo esisebenzayo sokusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo iDirectStorage Ngamava atshintsha kakhulu: ukulayisha izikrini ezihlala imizuzwana embalwa kuphela, utshintsho olungenamthungo lwendawo ngaphandle kokuma okunyanzelekileyo, ubume besisombululo esiphezulu obuvela ngoko nangoko, kwaye akukho mvakalelo yokuba umdlalo kufuneka "ucinge" ngotshintsho ngalunye. Nangona kunjalo, konke oku kufezekiswa kuphela xa injini yomdlalo icwangcisiwe ukuba inxibelelane nale API.
Enye ingongoma ephambili kukuba iDirectStorage ayizuzisi nje kuphela umdlalo ngokwawokodwa kuyo yonke inkqubo: ngokunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kweCPU ekususeni idatha, imijikelo emininzi yeprosesa ikhululeka kwimisebenzi efana nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, ifiziksi ephucukileyo, ingqiqo yomdlalo, okanye nezinye iinkqubo ozivulileyo ngasemva ngelixa udlala.
Iimfuno zobugcisa zokusebenzisa iDirectStorage kwiPC
Ukuze umdlalo uzuze ngokwenene kwiDirectStorage Akwanelanga ukuba umdlalo uwuxhase; ikhompyutha yakho ikwafuna ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zehardware kunye nesoftware. IMicrosoft iyile obu buchwephesha icinga ngeenkqubo zanamhlanje, kwaye nangona igcina ukuhambelana okuthile okungasemva, iingenelo ezipheleleyo zifumaneka kuphela ngoqwalaselo oluhlaziyiweyo.
Okokuqala, inkqubo yokusebenza kufuneka ibe yiWindows 10 okanye iWindows 11Ngokukodwa, inguqulelo yeWindows 10 1909 nangaphezulu, okanye naluphi na uhlelo lwangoku lweWindows 11, luyafuneka. Ukuphucula kwiWindows 11 akunyanzelekanga kuphela kwiDirectStorage, njengoko i-API ikwasebenza kwiWindows 10, kodwa iMicrosoft igxile kakhulu kwikamva lokudlala kwiWindows 11.
Intsika yesibini yindawo yokugcina izintoI-PCIe 3.0 okanye ngaphezulu ye-NVMe SSD iyafuneka ukuze kufezekiswe isantya sokufunda esifunekayo. Ii-SATA SSD (zombini ii-HDD kunye nee-2,5" SSD) zingasebenzisa iDirectStorage kwinqanaba elisisiseko, kodwa ukuphucuka kokwenyani kuyabonakala xa kusetyenziswa isantya se-NVMe, esinokukhawuleza ngokuphindwe kaninzi kunendlela eqhelekileyo yokufunda i-SATA.
Inxalenye yesithathu ebalulekileyo yikhadi lemizoboEyona nto ingcono kukuba ube neGPU ehambelana neDirectX 12 Ultimate, njengoko olu hlobo lomgangatho wemizobo yeMicrosoft ludibanisa iimpawu ezininzi eziphambili, kuquka ezo zenzelwe ukusebenza ngokukhululekileyo neDirectStorage kunye neetekhnoloji ezinxulumene noko ezifana Ukuhlaziywa kweBARUthotho lwe-NVIDIA RTX kunye ne-AMD Radeon RX 6000 nangaphezulu zezona zikhupha ezi zakhono ngokwenene.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iiGPU ezindala ezifana neGTX 1050 Ti kunye nezinye kusapho lweGTX Azihambelani neDirectX 12 Ultimate. Zingaqhuba imidlalo exhomekeke kwiDX12 Ultimate kwinqanaba elisisiseko kuba i-API igcina ukuhambelana okungasemva, kodwa aziyi kukwazi ukubonelela ngeempawu eziphambili ezifana nokulandelela i-hardware ray okanye i-accelerated decompression ngendlela efanayo. Ngamafutshane: uya kukwazi ukudlala, kodwa awuyi kufumana nzuzo epheleleyo yeDirectStorage okanye ezinye iiteknoloji ezinxulumene noko.
Indlela iDirectStorage esebenza ngayo
Xa umdlalo usebenzisa iDirectStorage ngokufanelekileyoIndlela yokusebenza yangaphakathi itshintsha ngokupheleleyo. Endaweni yokuba iCPU ifumane idatha ecinezelweyo, iyikhuphe, ize iyithumele kwiGPU, i-NVMe SSD yondla ikhadi lemizobo ngokuthe ngqo, elilawula ukususwa kwe-compression kunye ne-parallel processing, lisebenzisa amandla alo amakhulu ekhompyutha.
Uvavanyo lokusebenza ngeedemo zobugcisa zeMicrosoft Zibonisa ukuba umahluko phakathi kokunciphisa uxinzelelo nge-CPU nokwenza njalo nge-GPU unokuba mkhulu kakhulu. Iprosesa ephezulu efana ne-Intel Core i9-12900K, esebenza kwi-5,2 GHz, ine-bandwidth esebenzayo emalunga ne-5,2 GB/s ene-PCIe 3.0 SSD, ngelixa ii-GPU ezininzi zanamhlanje ziphindaphinda loo xabiso ngokulula.
Umzekelo, iRadeon RX 7900 XT Ifikelela kwisantya esiphantse sibe yi-12,6 GB/s nge-PCIe 3.0 SSD kwaye imalunga ne-14,6 GB/s nge-PCIe 4.0 drive, ngelixa iGeForce RTX 4080 isebenza malunga ne-12,7 GB/s nge-Gen3 kwaye ifikelela malunga ne-15,3 GB/s nge-Gen4. Kwezi vavanyo zifanayo, i-Intel Arc A770 ifikelela phantse kwi-13,9 GB/s nge-Gen3 kwaye inyuka iye kuthi ga kwi-16,8 GB/s nge-Gen4, nto leyo eyibeka phezulu kwiqela.
Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-CPU iba yingxaki enkulu. Kudala ngaphambi kokuba i-SSD ifikelele kwimida yayo, i-GPU, ngenxa yoyilo lwayo oluhambelanayo, inokusingatha imijelo yedatha emikhulu kakhulu. Nge-DirectStorage, injongo yile: ukuvumela ikhadi lemizobo lenze oko likwenzayo ngcono kwaye ligcinele i-CPU ukubala i-logic, i-AI, okanye i-physics.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezi milinganiselo zivela kwidemo yobugcisa beMicrosoft.Yenzelwe ukulinganisa ukusebenza okuphezulu okunokwenzeka phantsi kweemeko zelebhu. Kwimidlalo yokwenyani, iziphumo zinokwahluka kakhulu, kuxhomekeke ekubeni umphuhlisi uyifake njani iDirectStorage kwinjini yakhe kunye nomsebenzi othile wesihloko ngasinye.
Iingenelo eziphambili zeDirectStorage kwimidlalo elungiselelweyo
Eyona nzuzo icacileyo yomdlalo olungiselelwe iDirectStorage Kukuncitshiswa okukhulu kwamaxesha okulayisha. Imidlalo eyayinokuthatha imizuzwana eli-10 ukuya kwengama-30 ukulayisha umdlalo okanye ukutshintsha amanqanaba ngoku inokuthatha phakathi kwemizuzwana eli-1 ukuya kwemi-5 ngale teknoloji, ukuba nje ezinye izixhobo zifikelele kwinqanaba elifunekayo.
IForspoken, enye yemidlalo yokuqala yePC ukuyisebenzisaIbe ngumzekelo oqhelekileyo ukubonisa olu tsiba: izikrini zayo zokulayisha zimfutshane kakhulu, kwaye ukuhambahamba kwihlabathi layo elivulekileyo kulula kakhulu kunakwezinye izihloko ezininzi ezisaxhomekeke kwiindlela zakudala zokusasaza idatha.
Olunye uphuculo olubalulekileyo kukuntywiliselwa ngokupheleleyo.Ngokukwazi ukulayisha idatha ngokukhawuleza ngesantya esiphezulu, abaphuhlisi abasadingi kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwiilifti ezingapheliyo, iipaseji ezimxinwa, okanye iicinematics ezinyanzelekileyo ukufihla amanqanaba okulayisha. Endaweni yoko, banokuyila utshintsho oluphantse lubekho ngoko nangoko phakathi kweendawo, amasango okungena angenamthungo, kunye nokuhamba okukhawulezayo okuhambelana negama laso.
Ukukhulula izixhobo zeCPU yenye inzuzo enkuluXa i-GPU iphatha ukususwa kwedatha, umthwalo kwiprosesa ephakathi uyehla kakhulu, nto leyo evumela ukuba izixhobo ezingakumbi zinikezelwe kwizinto ezifana ne-NPC AI, iinkqubo zefiziksi ezintsonkothileyo, izihlwele ezingokoqobo, kunye ne-logic yomdlalo eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngamafutshane, ayinciphisi nje kuphela amaxesha okulayisha kodwa ikwadibanisa ubunzulu kunye nobutyebi kwihlabathi lomdlalo.
Ulawulo lolwakhiwo lukwancedakala kwiDirectStorageOku kungenxa yokuba ii-textures ezinesisombululo esiphezulu zinokulayishwa ngokuchanekileyo xa kufuneka, endaweni yokugcina iinguqulelo ezikhaphukhaphu kwi-RAM ngenxa yokoyika ukugqithisa inkqubo. Oku kubangela ukuba kubekho iindawo ezineenkcukacha ezingakumbi, izinto ezibonakala zibukhali nokuba zikufutshane, kunye nokubonakala okungabonakaliyo.
Imida kunye nobuthathaka beDirectStorage
Ayizizo zonke iingenelo kunye neziphumo ezimangalisayo ngeDirectStorage, kwaye kubalulekile ukuyiqonda le nto ukuze ungaphoxeki. Okokuqala, impembelelo yayo ngqo kwisantya sefreyimu (i-FPS) idla ngokunqongophala. Ezinye iinkcazo ziye zafumanisa nokuhla okuncinci kwe-FPS kwiimeko ezithile kuba i-GPU, ngokuphatha nokunciphisa uxinzelelo, inokubona ezinye zezixhobo zayo ziphambukisiwe kumsebenzi wokwenza umfanekiso ococekileyo.
Esi siphumo sibonakala ngakumbi kumakhadi emizobo angenamandla kangako.apho yonke imithombo ye-GPU ibalulekile. Kwiinkqubo eziphezulu, i-decompression overhead eyongezelelweyo idla ngokuba yinto encinci, kodwa kwii-GPU ezincinci, impembelelo encinci inokubonwa, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinzima kakhulu ezinomthwalo omkhulu wemizobo.
Ngaphezu koko, iDirectStorage ayizuzisi zonke iintlobo zeencwadi ngokulinganayo.Imidlalo yehlabathi elivulekileyo, enemaphu zayo ezinkulu kunye neendlela ezininzi zokulayisha ngendlela eguquguqukayo, inceda kakhulu. Izihloko ezithe ngqo okanye ezo zinamanqanaba amancinci azifumani tshintsho lubalulekileyo, njengoko ukulayisha idatha yazo kulawulwa ngakumbi kwaye kunganzima kangako.
Esinye isithintelo esikhulu kukwamkelwa ngabaphuhlisiUkudibanisa iDirectStorage akuyonto nje yokujonga ibhokisi kwinjini yomdlalo; kufuna umsebenzi onzulu, ukuphonononga indlela ezilawulwa ngayo iifayile, ukucinezela, ukusasazwa kwezixhobo, nokunye. Iistudio ezininzi zisahlengahlengisa okanye azicingi ukuba ukutyala imali kuzo yinto ephambili kwixesha elifutshane.
Ukuhambelana kwezixhobo zekhompyutha nako kuthintela impembelelo yazo iyonkeKuba ayingabo bonke abadlali abane-NVMe PCIe 3.0 okanye i-4.0 SSD okanye i-GPU yanamhlanje. Kwezi meko, nokuba inkqubo yokusebenza ixhasa i-API, iingenelo zincitshiswa kakhulu okanye azibonakali. Kubasebenzisi abaninzi abanehardware endala, iDirectStorage ithembisa ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo kunokuphucula okubonakalayo namhlanje.
Imidlalo ehambelanayo kunye nemeko yangoku yokwamkelwa
Esinye sezikhalazo eziqhelekileyo ezivela kubadlali bePC Ubunzima busekufumaneni uluhlu olucacileyo noluhlaziyiweyo lwemidlalo ehambelana neDirectStorage. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iitekhnoloji, akukho luhlu olusemthethweni olugciniweyo yiMicrosoft oluquka zonke izihloko ezisebenzisa le API kakhulu okanye kancinci.
Izixhobo ezifana neSteamDB ziqokelele imidlalo emininzi, iidemo, kunye neebeta ezidibanisa iDirectStorage, zifikelela kwinani elipheleleyo elimalunga nama-50. Nangona kunjalo, le datha itshintsha rhoqo kwaye akusoloko kucacile ukuba umdlalo uyisebenzisa embindini okanye kwiindawo ezithile zomthwalo wayo.
I-Forspoken, kwakhona, yeyona nkcazelo ikhankanyiweyo kakhuluYayilukhupho lokuqala olukhulu lwePC olusebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo obu buchwephesha, kokubini ukunciphisa amaxesha okulayisha kunye nokuvumela ihlabathi elivulekileyo elineenkcukacha ezithe vetshe elilayishwe ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kukho impikiswano eyabangela ezinye izizathu, ezifana nomgangatho wokugqibela wemizobo xa uthelekiswa neetreyila zangaphambili, ukuhlanganiswa kwayo kweDirectStorage kwaphawula utshintsho olukhulu.
Eminye imidlalo, efana neHunt: ShowdownBaye bavakalisa ngaxa lithile injongo yabo yokubandakanya iDirectStorage ngohlaziyo lwexesha elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, izicwangciso zestudiyo zinokutshintsha, kwaye ukuphunyezwa kwangempela ngamanye amaxesha kuyalibaziseka okanye kunqunyelwe kuphuculo oluncinci, ngoko ke kusoloko kucetyiswa ukujonga amanqaku epatch okanye iinkcukacha zobugcisa zomdlalo ngaphambi kokuba uthathe nantoni na njengento elula.
Enyanisweni, iingcali ezininzi zicebisa ukuba ujonge ulwazi olusemthethweni. Ipapashwe ngumphuhlisi okanye umshicileli ngamnye ukuze kuchongwe ukuba isihloko esithile siyayisebenzisa na iDirectStorage. Amaphepha emveliso, iiblogi ezisemthethweni, kunye namanqaku ophuhliso adla ngokukhankanya xa i-API idityaniswe kakhulu, ngelixa ukungabikho kwayo kubonisa ukuba umdlalo usaxhomekeke kwiindlela zokulayisha zemveli.
Umahluko phakathi kokudlala nge-DirectStorage nangaphandle kwayo
Xa sithelekisa amava kunye neDirectStorage kunye nangaphandle kwayoEyona ndlela ilula yokuvavanya ukusebenza kukujonga amaxesha okulayisha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo. Kwimeko yesiqhelo, umdlalo wanamhlanje ungathatha imizuzwana eli-10 ukuya kwengama-30 ukulayisha, usebenzise ipesenti enkulu ye-CPU ngexesha lokulayisha, kwaye uncitshiswe ngakumbi yisantya sokugcina kunye ne-RAM yokuphatha ubume kunye nedatha.
Xa iDirectStorage isebenza, ezo nkqubo ziyafana ziyacinezelwa. kwiifestile zexesha elifutshane kakhulu, kunciphisa amaxesha okulayisha ukuya phakathi kwemizuzwana e-1 ukuya kwe-5 phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Ukubandakanyeka kweCPU kuncitshisiwe kakhulu, ngelixa iGPU ithatha indima enzulu ngakumbi ngokuphatha ukususwa kwedatha, elungele ngakumbi uyilo lwayo.
Kwinqanaba lokubonakala, umgangatho wobume Ayisekho mda kangako yi-RAM yenkqubo, kuba iimodeli ezinesisombululo esiphezulu kunye neetextures zinokulayishwa ngokuguquguqukayo kwi-NVMe SSD. Oku kuvumela umdlalo ukuba ugcine inqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu leenkcukacha nokuba umdlali uhamba ngokukhawuleza kwimephu, nto leyo enciphisa isiphumo esiqhelekileyo sezinto ezingacacanga "ezilungisiweyo" ngokulibaziseka.
Amava omsebenzisi ngokubanzi ngeDirectStorage Idla ngokuba bushelelezi: ixesha elincinci elichithwayo ujonge imivalo yenkqubela phambili, ukuqhwanyaza okuncinci okubangelwa yimithwalo yedatha ngequbuliso, kunye nombono omkhulu wokuqhubeka kwihlabathi elivulekileyo. Kubadlali abaninzi, olu bushelelezi lubaluleke kakhulu, okanye lubaluleke ngakumbi kunokufumana i-FPS eyongezelelweyo.
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ngaphandle kwemidlalo eyenzelwe ngokucacileyo Ukuze usebenzise ngokupheleleyo iDirectStorage, izixhobo zodwa azanelanga. Ungaba ne-PCIe 4.0 SSD ekhawulezayo kunye ne-GPU yanamhlanje, kodwa ukuba injini yomdlalo ayisebenzisi i-API, amaxesha okulayisha aya kuxhomekeka kwimodeli yesiqhelo.
Amathemba exesha elizayo kunye nendima yabaphuhlisi
Ukujonga phambili, iDirectStorage ijonge ukuba ngumgangatho Oku kubonakala kwiincwadi ze-AAA nakwinkoliso yeekhathalogu zePC, ingakumbi njengoko ii-NVMe SSD kunye nee-DirectX 12 Ultimate compatible GPUs ziba yinto eqhelekileyo endaweni yokuba yinto engaqhelekanga. I-hardware market trend ngokucacileyo iqhubela phambili kuloo ndlela.
Abaphuhlisi bemidlalo yevidiyo ngokubanzi bajonga le API ngethemba elikhulu.Oku kuvula ithuba lokudala amazwe amakhulu avulekileyo, izixeko ezinabantu abaninzi, kunye namava anzulu ngakumbi e-virtual okanye e-augmented reality ngaphandle kokuyixinanisa ngokupheleleyo i-CPU. Nangona kunjalo, kufuna ukuphinda kucingwe ngenxalenye yoyilo lwangaphakathi lwenjini, into engenakukwenziwa ngobusuku obunye.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqwalasela ukususwa koxinzelelo kunye nokudluliselwa kwedatha. Ukususela kumanqanaba okuqala ophuhliso. Ukuba iprojekthi ineDirectStorage edityanisiweyo ukusuka kuyilo lwenjini yokuqala, ukulungiswa kuya kuba ngcono kakhulu kunokuba kongezwe ngomzuzu wokugqibela njenge "patch" yokunciphisa umthwalo. Njengakwi-ray tracing, umgangatho wokusetyenziswa wenza umahluko omkhulu.
Okwangoku, uluvo oluqhelekileyo kukuba ihlabathi leePC Ukwamkelwa kobuchwepheshe obufana nolu kuhamba kancinci kunokuba bekulindelwe, ingakumbi xa kuthelekiswa neekhonsoli apho izixhobo zekhompyutha zifana kwaye kulula ukwenza ngcono. Nangona kunjalo, izibhengezo ezininzi zemidlalo emitsha ziquka ukubhekisa kwiDirectStorage okanye iinkqubo zokusasaza idatha ezifanayo.
Kumdlali ofuna ukusebenzisa iDirectStorage namhlanjeEyona ndlela ilungileyo ibandakanya ukudibanisa ikhompyutha elungiselelwe kakuhle (iWindows 10/11, iNVMe SSD, iGPU yanamhlanje) kunye nokuphononongwa ngononophelo kweenkcukacha zobugcisa kunye nezibhengezo zabaphuhlisi, ukubeka phambili izihloko eziqinisekisa ngokucacileyo ukuhambelana kwaye zibonisa uphuculo lokwenyani kwiimvavanyo ezizimeleyo.
I-DirectStorage izibonakalise njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo Olu luphuhliso oluphambili kwimidlalo yePC: alunciphisi nje kuphela amaxesha okulayisha, kodwa lukwavumela ihlabathi elinzima ngakumbi, iinkcukacha ezibonakalayo ezingaphezulu, kunye nokusasazwa okungcono kwemisebenzi phakathi kweCPU kunye neGPU. Nangona ukwamkelwa kwayo kusenomda kwaye iingenelo zahlukile kumdlalo ngamnye, abadlali abanezixhobo zanamhlanje abanomdla wokudlula imida yabo baya kufumana amava alula kakhulu kwaye alula kwizihloko ezilungiselelwe le API kunakwiinjini ezisabotshelelwe kwimodeli yokulayisha idatha yakudala.
