Ukufika kweArtificial Intelligence (AI) kwiinkqubo zokusebenza zedesktop kuyiguqule ngokwenene indlela esisebenzisana ngayo neekhompyuter zethu. Windows 11, ngokukhutshwa kweempawu zayo eziphambili ze-AI, ngakumbi ngeCopilot+, iphawule inguqu kwiimfuno zehardware ukonwabela ngokupheleleyo obu buchwepheshe. Abasebenzisi abaninzi bayazibuza Zeziphi iimfuno ezithile ekufuneka iqela lakho lisebenzise i-AI ekuhlaleni?, ukunqanda ukuxhomekeka kwilifu kunye nokufumana ubumanzi kunye nobumfihlo.
Kweli nqaku, sichaza ngokweenkcukacha nangendlela enobubele yonke into odinga ukuyazi malunga neemfuno iPC ekufuneka ihlangabezane nazo ukuze iqhube ubukrelekrele bokufakelwa basekhaya Windows 11, ukuba kuthetha ukuthini ukuba yi-"AI PC," umahluko phakathi kobuncinci, obucetyiswayo, kunye neemfuno ezithile ze-AI, kwaye sicacisa imibuzo eqhelekileyo malunga nokuhambelana, ihardware, kunye nezinye iindlela zokuvavanya iimodeli zasekhaya ezisekelwe kwizakhono zekhompyuter yakho. Ukuba ucinga ngokuphucula ikhompyuter yakho okanye uthenge entsha ngenjongo yokuthatha ithuba le-AI ye-Windows 11, nikela ingqalelo kuba siya kukuxelela into ekungekho mntu unokukuxelela yona, ngemizekelo esebenzayo kunye neengcebiso eziluncedo!
Yintoni i-AI yasekhaya kwi-Windows 11?
Ukuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda Sithetha ukuthini xa sithetha “ngokusebenzisa i-AI ekuhlaleni” ngaphakathi Windows 11?Ngokwesiko, uninzi lwezicelo zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, ezinje nge-chatbots, NcokolaGPT okanye abaqhubekeki bemifanekiso eveliswayo, bathembele kwiiseva zelifu: ikhomputha yakho ithumela isicelo, inkqubo yenziwa ngaphandle kwendawo, kwaye ufumana impendulo esele yenziwe. Nangona kunjalo, Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa basekhaya buvumela le misebenzi ukuba iqwalaselwe ngokuthe ngqo kwisixhobo sakho, ngaphandle kwedatha eshiya isixhobo sakho. Oku akugcini nje ukuphucula isantya sokuphendula kunye nobumfihlo, kodwa kwakhona kuvula umnyango kwiimpawu ezintsha ezinokwenzeka kuphela nge-hardware efanelekileyo.
I-Microsoft iye yandisa i-AI ekuhlaleni ngokudibanisa i-Copilot+ kwi-Windows 11, i-suite yeempawu ezibandakanya abancedisi bencoko, ukuveliswa kwemifanekiso, ukuqaphela umlingiswa obonakalayo (i-OCR), ukuhlelwa kwevidiyo, ukuphuculwa kweefoto, kunye nokunye. Konke oku kuxhaswa sisizukulwana samva nje se-hardware, ngakumbi ukongezwa kweeprosesa ezinee-NPU, i-RAM ekhawulezayo, kunye nokugcinwa okukhawulezayo.
Windows 11 Ubuncinane beeMfuno: Indawo nje yokuQala
Abantu abaninzi bayayibhidanisa Ubuncinane beemfuno zokufakela iWindows 11 kunye neziyimfuneko ukuqhuba imisebenzi yayo AI ephucukileyo. Nangona kunjalo, Iimfuno ezisemthethweni zokufakela umgangatho Windows 11 ziyafikeleleka kwaye zihlala zisebenza kwiikhompyuter ezisisiseko.:
- Inkqubo: : I-CPU ye-64-bit ubuncinane kunye ne-2 cores kunye ne-1 GHz isivinini, iyahambelana ne-SoC (i-System on Chip) i-architecture.
- Imemori ye-RAM: I-4 GB
- Ukugcina: Ubuncinci be-64 GB.
- Ikhadi lemifanekiso: Iyahambelana neDirectX 12 kunye neWDDM 2.0 umqhubi.
- Isikrini: Inkcazo ephezulu (720p) 9" okanye ngaphezulu.
- firmware: UEFI, kunye ne-Secure Boot.
- TPM: IModyuli yeQonga elithembekileyo uguqulelo 2.0.
Ezi mfuno ziya kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise Windows 11 ngokwesiqhelo, kodwa awuzukwazi ukufikelela kuninzi lweempawu ze-AI ezikhethekileyo ezimele ukutsiba okukhulu kobuchwepheshe benkqubo.Ukuba ufuna nje indawo yokusebenza yakudala ene-AI esekwe kwilifu, kwanele, kodwa amava aya kulinganiselwa xa kuthelekiswa noko kunokunikelwa zii-“Copilot + PC” ezintsha.
Yintoni iPC ye-AI kwaye zithini iimfuno ezintsha zeCopilot+?
Eyona nto ibangele ukutsiba kweemfuno kukuqaliswa kwento ebizwa ngokuba yiCopilot+ PC, iikhompyuter eziyilelwe ngokukodwa ukuthatha ithuba elipheleleyo lobuchule be-AI obakhelwe kubo Windows 11.Ezi khomputha ziye zavela ngenxa yokwaziswa kweempawu eziphambili ezifana nokuKhumbula, iziphumo zevidiyo zexesha langempela, abancedisi bencoko yasekhaya, kunye ne-AI-accelerated multimedia processing. UMicrosoft ke ngoko usete umgangatho omtsha wolu hlobo lwekhompyuter, odlula kude ubuncinci bomgangatho wenkqubo yokusebenza.
Undoqo ulele kwi-AI hardware ezinikeleyo: i-Neural Processing Unit (NPU). Eli candelo libalulekile kwikhompyuter yakho ukuba ibonwe njengeyona PC ye-AI yokwenyani kwaye iqhube zonke iimpawu ze-Copilot+ kunye nezinye izixhobo ze-AI zemveli zika-Microsoft.
- Iprosesa eneNPU ezinikeleyo: Kufuneka idlule i-40 TOPS (iiTriyoni zeMisebenzi ngeSibini). Iichips ze-AMD Ryzen AI 300, i-Intel Core Ultra 200V series, kunye ne-Snapdragon X ime apha phandle.
- Imemori ye-RAM: Ubuncinci i-16GB DDR5 okanye i-LPDDR5 (isantya esingaphezulu kunye namandla okuphatha iimodeli ze-AI eziphambili).
- Icandelo lokugcina: : I-256 GB SSD okanye i-UFS, ibalulekile kwisantya sokufikelela kunye nokukwazi ukuhambisa umthamo omkhulu wedatha ehambelana neemodeli ze-AI.
Umahluko xa kuthelekiswa neePC eziqhelekileyo mkhulu: i-CPU ekhawulezayo kunye nemizobo enamandla ayisekho ngokwaneleyo; ngoku i-NPU yinto yokwahlula.Oku kudala umsantsa obalulekileyo phakathi kwabasebenzisi abaya kukwazi ukonwabela ngokupheleleyo inkqubo entsha ye-AI kwindawo kunye nabo kuya kufuneka bazinze kwizinto ezisisiseko okanye ezixhomekeke kwilifu.
Kutheni i-NPU ezinikeleyo iyimfuneko?
Abasebenzisi abaninzi bayazibuza Kutheni iMicrosoft igqibe ekubeni igxile kwi-NPU endaweni yokuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwe-GPU okanye i-CPU yeenkqubo ze-AI., ngakumbi ukuqwalasela ukuba amakhadi emizobo amatsha afana ne-NVIDIA GeForce RTX inokuhambisa amawaka e-TOPS ekusebenzeni kwe-AI.
Impendulo ixhomekeke ikakhulu ekusebenziseni amandla.I-NPU yenzelwe ukucubungula imisebenzi ye-AI ngokufanelekileyo ngakumbi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kune-GPUs, eyimfuneko kwiilaptops nakwizixhobo eziphathwayo, apho ubomi bebhetri bungundoqo. Kwiikhompyuter zedesktop, esi sigqibo siyaphikisana, njengoko ii-GPU zinokuphatha lula imithwalo enjalo, kodwa iMicrosoft izibophelele kwiqonga elingaguqukiyo (iCopilot +) apho amava kunye nobomi bebhetri bunokuqikelelwa kwaye bulawuleka, nokuba buncama ukuhambelana nezinye ii-GPU eziphezulu.
Ngokwenza, ifuna i-NPU okungenani i-40 TOPS ukufikelela kwiimpawu ze-Copilot + iqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi ye-AI yokusika iya kukhawuleza, i-fluid, kwaye isebenzise amandla. Ngaphaya koko, ukulayishwa kwe-NPU kusebenza kwi-CPU kunye ne-GPU, ukunqanda iibhotile kunye nokuvumela inkqubo yonke ukuba iphendule ngakumbi.
Uluhlu lweeprosesa ezixhaswayo kunye neenkcukacha zehardware
Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba zeziphi iimodeli ezithile ezihlangabezana nezi mfuno, nantsi isikhokelo esekwe kulwazi lwamva nje olusemthethweni:
- AMD Ryzen AI 300 Series: Iiprosesa zesizukulwana esitsha ezibandakanya i-NPU kwi-chip kwaye zifike kwi-TOPS ye-40 okanye ngaphezulu.
- Intel Core Ultra 200V Series: Isizukulwana samva nje se-Intel processors kunye ne-AI edibeneyo kunye ne-NPU ephezulu yokusebenza.
- I-Snapdragon X (Elite kunye ne-Plus): Iiprosesa ze-ARM ze-Qualcomm ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa iilaptops ezine-AI kunye nobomi obude bebhetri.
Ukuba ikhompuyutha yakho inenye yezi processors kwaye iyahlangabezana ne-RAM kunye neemfuno zokugcina, uya kuba nofikelelo olupheleleyo kuCopilot+ amava kunye nezinye iimpawu eziphambili ze-AI zasekhaya Windows 11. I-Microsoft igcina uluhlu oluhlaziyiweyo lokuhambelana kwiwebhusayithi yomenzi ngamnye.
Kuthekani ngeePC zedesktop kunye neeGPU ezinamandla?
Esinye sezigxeko eziphambili zemodeli ekhethwe nguMicrosoft kukuba Iikhompyuter ezininzi zedesktop ezinamakhadi emizobo ephezulu ekwaziyo ukuba ngaphezulu kwee-TOPS ezingama-40 ezifunekayo azikwazi ukufikelela kuzo zonke iimpawu ze-Copilot+ ze-AI kuba ziswele i-NPU.Umzekelo, i-RTX 5090 inikezela ngaphezulu kwe-3.000 TOPS, amaxesha amaninzi ubuncinci obufunekayo. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yangoku ayiziqapheli ezi GPUs ukunika amandla iimpawu ze-AI zasekhaya, into enokutshintsha kwiinguqulelo ezizayo zeWindows, kodwa, njenganamhlanje, ishiya abaninzi abanomdla kunye nabasebenzisi abaziingcali ngaphandle kwe-loop.
Ke ngoko, ukuba unekhompyuter yedesktop eneGPU enamandla kunye ne-RAM eyaneleyo, uya kukwazi ukusebenzisa i-AI ekuhlaleni, kodwa unokuthintelwa ekudityanisweni kunye nezinye izinto eziphambili zenkqubo yokusebenza ngokwayo. Nangona kunjalo, kwimisebenzi emininzi, efana nokuqhuba iimodeli zolwimi okanye usetyenziso lwe-AI oluzimeleyo, i-GPU yakho inokwenza umahluko kwaye ikuvumela ukuba usebenze ngeemodeli ezinzima ngaphandle kweCopilot + ecosystem.
Zeziphi iimpawu ze-AI ezakhelwe kuzo Windows 11?
Windows 11 ibandakanya usetyenziso kunye neenkonzo ezininzi ze-AI, zombini kwiinguqulelo zayo ezisisiseko kunye neCopilot+:
- ICopilot: Umncedisi wencoko odibeneyo, okwaziyo ukushwankathela iiwebhusayithi, ukuvelisa imifanekiso, kunye nokuphendula imibuzo usebenzisa i-AI yokuvelisa.
- Iikliphu nge-OCR: Ikuvumela ukuba ukhuphe ngokuzenzekelayo umbhalo kwimifanekiso kunye nescreenshots.
- ukupeyinta: Ibandakanya izixhobo zokwenza imifanekiso eyinyani evela kwisicatshulwa.
- Iifoto: Iifitsha ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu lokunqampuna ngobuchule, uhlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo, kunye nobumnyama obungasemva.
- Clipchamp: Ukuhlelwa kwevidiyo okuphuculweyo kwe-AI, kuquka ukuqondwa kwelizwi kunye nokuzenzekelayo komsebenzi wokuhlela.
Iimpawu ezintsha zilindeleke ngaphakathi Windows 24 uguqulelo 2H11, kubandakanya Windows Studio Effects yokuphucula ividiyo kunye neaudio, iiCaptions zexesha lokwenyani zeevidiyo, kunye nojongano oluhlaziyiweyo, oluguquguqukayo lweCopilot.
Izixhobo kunye neendawo zophuhliso ze-AI
Kwabo baphuhlisayo okanye bazama iimodeli ze-AI ekuhlaleni, Windows 11 ibonelela ngendawo eyomeleleyo enezixhobo ezizinikeleyo:
- Dev Ekhaya: Iziko lokuququzelela ulungelelwaniso lweprojekthi nolawulo lweemeko zophuhliso.
- Windows AI Studio: Iququzelela uphuhliso kunye nokulungiswa kweemodeli ze-AI ezivelisayo usebenzisa izixhobo ze-Azure AI Studio kunye neekhathalogu ezifana neHugging Face. Ivumela ukuthunyelwa kweemodeli ezikhaphukhaphu kwindawo.
- Inkqubo engaphantsi yeWindows yeLinux (WSL): Qhuba iimeko ze-GNU/Linux ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Windows ukuze ulinge ngazo zonke iintlobo zamathala eencwadi okuFunda ngoomatshini kunye nezikhokelo ze-AI.
- Microsoft Store AI Hub: Indawo yentlanganiso yezicelo ze-AI kunye nokufunyanwa kwezisombululo ezitsha eziphuhliswe kwiqonga leMicrosoft.
Ukongeza, Windows 11 ixhasa isakhelo se-AI esidumileyo njengeTensorFlow, iKeras, kunye nePyTorch, kunye neetekhnoloji zokukhawulezisa izixhobo zehardware ezifana neDirectML ukuthatha ithuba kuzo zombini ii-GPU kunye nezinye iaccelerator.
Ukhuseleko kunye noBucala ngaphakathi Windows 11 I-AI yendawo
Enye into ephambili yile Ukhuseleko xa usebenzisa ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa ekuhlaleniWindows 11 sebenzisa iindlela zokhuseleko ezifana ne-Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 2.0, uguqulelo lwe-hardware-level encryption, uqinisekiso lwebhayometriki (Windows Hello), kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela ilifu ezifana neMicrosoft Defender for Cloud. Ukongeza, Ukusetyenziswa kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa basekhaya kunciphisa ukuvezwa kwedatha yakho yobuqu kwiiseva zangaphandle., ukwandisa ulawulo kunye nemfihlo.
Ngaba kukho ezinye iindlela zokusebenzisa i-AI yasekhaya kwiikhompyuter ezingenamandla?
Ayinguye wonke umntu one-PC yangoku. Ngethamsanqa, Kukho iinkqubo kunye nezicelo ezikuvumela ukuba usebenzise imifuziselo ye-AI ekuhlaleni nokuba unezixhobo ezimbalwa., nangona amava kunye nesakhono ziya kuthintelwa ngamandla kunye nenkumbulo ekhoyo:
- Musa: Isebenzisa imifuziselo yolwimi oluvulelekileyo (efana ne-DeepSeek, iMistral, okanye iLlama) ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Windows, macOS, okanye i-terminal ye-Linux. Ikhaphukhaphu kwaye ixhasa iimodeli ezincinci nakwiikhompyuter ezine-8 GB ye-RAM.
- Isitudiyo se-LM: Isicelo sojongano lomzobo wokuvavanya ii-chatbots kunye neemodeli ezisisiseko ezifana ne-DeepSeek, Llama, Mistral, okanye Phi. Ukusebenza kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bemodeli kunye ne-RAM ekhoyo, kunye ne-8-16 GB esebenzayo kwiimodeli ezisisiseko.
- Jan.ai: Enye indlela enojongano olubonakalayo olusebenziseka lula kunye nenkxaso yeemodeli zolwimi ezisemgangathweni. Ilungele ukuzama kunye nokulungelelanisa ngesandla iiparamitha.
Ngokubanzi, inani elikhulu leeparamitha zemodeli ye-AI ekufuneka iqhutywe, imfuno enkulu ye-RAM kunye ne-GPU.Ngokomzekelo, iimodeli ezine-1.5 okanye i-7 yeetriliyoni zeeparameters zinokusebenza kwiikhomputha zangoku kunye ne-8-16 GB ye-RAM, kodwa iimodeli eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye ne-14 okanye i-32 yezigidigidi zifuna i-hardware engaphezulu kakhulu kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, inokuqhutywa kuphela efini.
Ndingongeza i-NPU kwisixhobo esidala?
Akukho ndlela isebenzayo yokongeza i-NPU kwiPC engenayo eyakhelweyo kumzi-mveliso.Ii-NPU ziyinxalenye yechip ecaleni kwe-CPU kunye ne-GPU, ke ukuba iprosesa yakho ayinayo, ayizukwenzeka ukongeza enye ngendlela eyimodyuli. Nangona kunjalo, ungafaka amakhadi emizobo anikezelweyo ukukhawulezisa iinkqubo ze-AI kwiinkqubo ezizimeleyo, nangona oku kungayi kuvula izinto ezikhethekileyo zeCopilot+ Windows 11.
Kutheni i-RAM ibaluleke kangaka kwi-AI yendawo?
Imfuno ye-16 GB ye-RAM (i-DDR5 okanye i-LPDDR5) ye-AI yendawo ayinanto: Iimodeli zolwimi kunye nezinye izisombululo ze-AI zinzulu kwimemoriImemori ngakumbi kwaye ikhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi ekrelekrele. Ngapha koko, ikamva leWindows licebisa ukuba baya kufuna ngakumbi i-RAM xa Windows 12 ifika, apho i-AI iya kubalasela ngakumbi.
Ukongeza kubuninzi, isantya sememori singundoqo, yiyo loo nto iMicrosoft igxile kwizizukulwana ezitsha zeDDR5.Kwiilaptops, iimfuno ezongeziweyo zinokunyusa iindleko zezixhobo, njengoko zombini i-RAM kunye ne-SSD ziye zabiza kakhulu kwiinyanga zamva nje.
Ndijonga njani ukuba iPC yam iyahambelana Windows 11 I-AI yasekhaya?
Phambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuthenga iPC okanye uphucule kuyo Windows 11 Copilot+, jonga la manqaku alandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana:
- Inkqubo: Ngaba ibandakanya i-NPU enokuba yi-40 TOPS? Jonga i-Intel, AMD, okanye iiwebhusayithi zeQualcomm ukuze ufumane eyona modeli ichanekileyo.
- i-ram: Ngaba unayo ubuncinane i-16GB DDR5 okanye i-LPDDR5?
- Ukugcina: Ngaba unayo i-SSD okanye i-UFS ubuncinane ye-256GB?
- Windows 11 ihlaziyiwe: Ngaba usebenzisa inguqulo 24H2 okanye kamva? Apha kulapho zonke izixhasi ze-Copilot+ zivulwa khona.
Ukuba uyahlangabezana nezi mfuno, ikhompyuter yakho ilungele awona mava aphambili e-AI asekhaya Windows 11.
Yintoni omele ulindele kuyo Windows 12 kunye nokuvela kwe-AI yendawo?
Imeko isabonakala kuyo Umkhwa wokunyuka kweemfuno uya kuqhubeka nohlobo olulandelayo lweWindowsWindows 12 kulindeleke ukuba ibeke ugxininiso olunamandla ngakumbi kumanyano lwe-AI lwasekhaya, oluya kubandakanya iimfuno eziphezulu ze-hardware kunye nokwamkelwa okubanzi kwee-NPU kunye namandla amakhulu e-RAM. Ngaphaya koko, ukudityaniswa namaqonga e-ARM, ukufika kwezicelo ezitsha, kunye nomphuhlisi we-ecosystem egxile kubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kubhengeza ixesha elitsha kwikhompuyutha yobuqu, leyo izenzekela ngakumbi, ikhuselekile, kwaye igxile kumsebenzisi.
Kubalulekile ukuyiqonda loo nto Iimfuno zokonwabela ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa basekhaya ngaphakathi Windows 11 inyuse umgangatho wento esiyijonga njengePC yanamhlanje.Ixesha elizayo elingekude liza kubandakanya iikhompyuter ezineeprosesa zokusika, i-RAM eninzi, kunye nokugcinwa okukhawulezayo.
Ukuba awunawo umatshini onezi mpawu okwangoku, ungaqala ngokufumana i-AI yendawo kwiinguqulelo ezilinganiselweyo, kwaye xa ilixesha lokuphucula, phucula kuqwalaselo olulungele ikamva le-AI kwiWindows. Yabelana ngolwazi kwaye abantu abaninzi baya kwazi malunga nesihloko..