Iinjineli, nokuba zikhetheke kangakanani na, zijongana neeprojekthi mihla le ezifuna ukuchaneka, ukusebenza kakuhle, kwaye, ngaphezu kwako konke, izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzigqiba ngempumelelo. Kwixesha ledijithali, iinkqubo zekhompyuter yeenjineli Baye baba ngabahlobo abalungileyo boyilo, ukulinganisa, ulawulo lweprojekthi, kunye nokuphuculwa kwenkqubo kumashishini amaninzi.
Ngokukhula kokhuphiswano lwemisebenzi yemarike, ukubamba ezi zakhono isoftware yobugcisa Ayikuvumeli kuphela ukuba wenze umsebenzi wakho wemihla ngemihla, kodwa yongeza iprofayile yakho yobuchwephesha, ivule amathuba amatsha kunye nokuphucula ukuqesheka kwakho. Kulo lonke eli nqaku sikunika a Gqibezela isikhokelo kwiinkqubo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kubunjineli, equka amasebe ahlukeneyo afana nobunjineli boomatshini, boluntu, boshishino okanye bombane. Sicacisa ukuba yintoni eyenza isixhobo ngasinye sikhetheke, zeziphi iindawo esigqwesa kuzo, kwaye sinokukunceda njani kumsebenzi wakho.
Uyilo lweCAD kunye neBIM kunye neenkqubo zokumodela
Kulo naluphi na uqeqesho lobunjineli, uyilo lwezicwangciso ezinemigangatho emithathu kunye neemodeli ngumsebenzi osisiseko. Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi ezikhethekileyo zale njongo, kodwa ezinye zibalasele kwirekhodi yazo, ukusebenza, kunye nobukho kwimarike yabasebenzi.
AutoCAD
AutoCAD Mhlawumbi yeyona software yaziwa kakhulu kuyilo oluncediswa yikhompyuter. Iphuhliswe yi-Autodesk, ikuvumela ukuba wenze izicwangciso ngaphakathi Iimodeli ze-2D kunye ne-3D ngojongano olubonakalayo kunye nezixhobo zokuhlela ezinamandla. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi yi iinjineli, abayili bezakhiwo kunye nabayili ukudala uyilo lobugcisa kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu leenkcukacha kunye nokuchaneka.
Ukususela ekuqalisweni kwayo ngo-1982, iye yaguquka yaba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kuyo nayiphi na iofisi yezobugcisa. Ngaphaya koko, ukukwazi kwayo ukuziqhelanisa nezifundo ezahlukeneyo (zombane, oomatshini, i-civil, njl.njl.) iyenza isebenziseke ngakumbi.
Hlaziya
Hlaziya Yenye isoftware evela kwi-Autodesk kwaye igxile kuyo imodeli yolwazi lwesakhiwo (BIM), evumela ukusebenza kunye neemodeli zedijithali ezidibanisa i-architectural, i-structural kunye ne-MEP (izibonelelo) idatha. I-Revit iququzelela intsebenziswano ye-multidisciplinary ngaphakathi kwamaqela omsebenzi, njengoko bonke abathathi-nxaxheba banokusebenza kwimodeli efanayo, ehlaziywa ngexesha langempela. Oku kuphucula ulawulo kunye nocwangciso lweeprojekthi zokwakha nezobunjineli ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya kulondolozo olulandelayo.
CATIA
CATIA Sisisombululo se-3D somzekelo ophuhliswe yi-Dassault Systèmes, ngokukodwa enamandla kumacandelo afana I-aeronautical, i-automotive kunye nobunjineli boomatshini. Le nkqubo ibalasele kwindlela yayo yeparametric, ukukwazi kwayo ukuvelisa uyilo oluneenkcukacha kakhulu kunye nokuvumela ulawulo lweprojekthi ngentsebenziswano. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kuvumela ukuba kusetyenziswe kwiimeko ezinzima, apho ukuchaneka kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye ukudibanisa kunye namaqela ahlukeneyo kubaluleke kakhulu.
SolidWorks
SolidWorks, nayo evela kwi-Dassault Systèmes, sisixhobo se-parametric se-CAD esijoliswe ikakhulu. Ubunjineli boomatshini kunye noshishino. Ivumela uyilo lwamacandelo, iindibano kunye nokulinganisa okucwangcisiweyo ngaphakathi kwe-interface enye enembile kwaye esebenzayo. Ukwamkelwa kwayo ngokubanzi kwicandelo kungenxa yayo ukukwazi ukulinganisa ukuziphatha ngokomzimba njengamandla, ukuguqulwa okanye ukunyakaza, okunciphisa iimpazamo kunye nokugcina ixesha ngaphambi kokudlulela kwimveliso.
Isoftware yokulinganisa kunye nohlalutyo lwesakhiwo
Izixhobo zokulinganisa zivumela iinjineli ukuba ziqinisekise uyilo lwazo nge uhlalutyo lwekhompyutha, ukuvelisa iimeko zokwenyani ngaphambi kokuvelisa nayiphi na indawo. Oku kuthetha ukongiwa okubalulekileyo kwexesha kunye nezibonelelo, kunye noqikelelo olungcono lomsebenzi wokugqibela.
Iimpendulo
Iimpendulo Ithathwa njengenye ye eyona software iphambili kunye nepheleleyo yokulinganisa. Iyakwazi ukwenza uhlalutyo lwe-multiphysics: i-thermal, i-structural, i-electromagnetic, i-fluid dynamics, kunye nokunye. Ngenxa yokuchaneka kwayo, isetyenziswa kumacandelo afuna kakhulu anje nge-aerospace, izithuthi, kunye namandla.
Nge-Ansys unokufunda iindawo eziphantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu, amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo, ukungcangcazela okanye ezinye izinto ezibonakalayo, ngaloo ndlela uqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko yemveliso yokugqibela phambi kokuba yenziwe.
Arena
Arena Yinkqubo yokulinganisa isiganeko, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi ubunjineli bemizi-mveliso kunye nolungiselelo. Ikuvumela ukuba uyile iimodeli zenkqubo yeshishini elintsonkothileyo kwaye uhlalutye impembelelo yotshintsho kwindlela yokusebenza. Iluncedo kakhulu kwi ukubona imiqobo, ukongeza iinkqubo kunye nokuphucula ukwenziwa kwezigqibo ngokusekelwe kwidatha eyenziweyo.
MATLAB
MATLAB Ayisiyonto nje isoftware yokulinganisa, ikwayinkqubo enamandla kakhulu yeqonga le uhlalutyo lwedatha, uphuhliso lwe-algorithm, kunye nemodeli yezibalo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kubunjineli bombane, iirobhothi, unxibelelwano ngocingo kunye nomatshini wokwenza izinto. Indlela yayo ejoliswe kwi-matrix kunye nokudibanisa kunye ne-Simulink yenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokusebenza kunye neenkqubo eziguquguqukayo ezinzima.
Isoftware yolawulo lweprojekthi ngqo kubunjineli
Ukuyila kunye nokulinganisa yinxalenye kuphela yomsebenzi wobunjineli. Elinye icala elisisiseko lawula iiprojekthi ngempumelelo, kubandakanywa amaxesha, imisebenzi, abasebenzi kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Apha kulapho izixhobo ezenzelwe ukucwangcisa, ukulungelelanisa, kunye nokubeka iliso kumjikelezo wobomi beprojekthi ziphela.
Project Microsoft
Project Microsoft Sesinye sezisombululo ezaziwayo kakhulu zolawulo lweprojekthi. Iluncedo ngakumbi kwi Yenza iishedyuli, unike izibonelelo, uhlalutye iindleko, kwaye ubeke iliso kwinkqubela phambili ngokusebenzisa iitshathi zeGantt. Ukongeza, ukudityaniswa kwayo kunye ne-Ofisi ecosystem ivumela intsebenziswano engaphezulu yamanzi kunye ne-Excel, i-Outlook, okanye i-SharePoint.
Intwasahlobo P6
Intwasahlobo P6, iphuhliswe yi Oracle, ijolise kwi ulawulo lweeprojekthi ezinkulu ezinzima, ezifana nezityalo zoshishino, ulwakhiwo lweziseko ezingundoqo okanye iiprojekthi zamandla amakhulu. Ibonisa iimpawu eziphambili ezifana nohlalutyo lomngcipheko, ukulandelwa kwe-KPI, kunye nolawulo lwangaxeshanye lweeprojekthi ezininzi. Olu hlobo lolawulo luzuza ngokusetyenziswa kweetemplates eziququzelela umbutho wedatha.
asana
asana Liqonga lentsebenziswano lolawulo lomsebenzi eliye lafumana ukuthandwa kakhulu ngenxa yalo ujongano olubonakalayo, olulula nolusebenzayo. Nangona ingenzelwanga ngokukodwa ubunjineli, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kumaqela obugcisa kuququzelela ukulandelwa kwezinto ezinokuhanjiswa, ukunikezelwa koxanduva, kunye nongqamaniso lwamaqela asasazwe kude.
Izixhobo zokulawula umgangatho kunye nokuphucula inkqubo
Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yobunjineli boshishino kukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo ziphuhliswa ngokwemigangatho efunekayo. Ukufezekisa oku, kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezikuvumela ukuba ubone, uthintele, kwaye ulungise iimpazamo ezinokuthi zichaphazele imveliso yokugqibela.
I-SPC (uLawulo lweNkqubo yoBalo)
El SPC Isekelwe ekusetyenzisweni kweendlela zamanani ukuba ukujonga ukuguquguquka kweenkqubo zemveliso. Ukusebenzisa iitshathi zokulawula, i-histograms, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezisemgangathweni, ikuvumela ukuba uhlalutye ukuba inkqubo ihleli ngaphakathi kwemida eyamkelekileyo okanye ifuna ukulungiswa. Ingundoqo kwiindawo zokuvelisa apho uzinzo kunye nokuhambelana kubaluleke kakhulu.
I-FMEA (Iindlela zokungaphumeleli kunye nohlalutyo lweziphumo)
El I-FMEA Yindlela yohlalutyo lokukhusela olusetyenziswa kuyo Fumana ukusilela okunokuthi kwenzeke kwimveliso okanye kwinkqubo phambi kokuba kwenzeke. Inika amanqanaba omngcipheko ngokusekwe kubunzima, ukwenzeka, kunye nokufumanisa ukungaphumeleli, ukunceda ukubeka phambili amanyathelo okulungisa.
Uhlalutyo lwedatha kunye nenkqubo yesoftware ezenzekelayo
Iinjineli zemizi-mveliso kunye ne-automation zifuna izixhobo ezibavumela ukuba bahlalutye umthamo omkhulu wedatha, balawule iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo, kunye nokwandisa imisebenzi enzima.
Excel
Nangona ilula, Excel Ihlala isisixhobo esiphambili kwiinjineli enkosi kuyo Uhlalutyo lwamanani, imodeli, ukunika ingxelo, kunye nemisebenzi yokubonwa kwedatha. Ukusebenziseka kwayo ngokulula kunye nokuhambelana nezinye izicelo kuyenza ibe sisixhobo esisebenzayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Excel Kuluncedo ngakumbi kwabo bajongene neemeko zokulinganisa kwi-intanethi.
I-PLC (IziLawuli zokuQiqa eziCwangcisiweyo)
Los abalawuli bengqiqo ecwangcisiweyo zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwi Ukuzenzekela kweenkqubo zoshishino. Ukusebenzisa iilwimi ezithile zeprogram, ii-PLCs zikuvumela ukuba ulawule oomatshini, ulawule i-sensor kunye ne-actuator, kwaye uqinisekise ukhuseleko lokusebenza.
Ilebhu
Ilebhu Liqonga lophuhliso lomzobo lokufunyanwa kwedatha, ulawulo lwesixhobo kunye nokuzenzekela. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiilebhu zophando kunye namashishini apho ifuneka khona yenza ujongano lwesiko ukulawula izixhobo ezibonakalayo kunye nokulinganisa iiparamitha zobugcisa ngexesha langempela.
SCADA
Iinkqubo SCADA Ziyimfuneko kwiziseko zophuhliso ezizenzekelayo. Bavumela i iliso elikude, unxibelelwano kunye nolawulo lweenkqubo zoshishino ngokusebenzisa ujongano lwegraphical. Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizityalo zamandla, unyango lwamanzi, ukuvelisa kunye nokuthutha.
Isoftware yolawulo lweshishini (ERP) yobunjineli
Ukongeza kwizixhobo zobugcisa, iinkampani zobunjineli zifuna izisombululo ezenza lawula imisebenzi yakho yangaphakathi, kubandakanywa ne-accounting, i-CRM, ukucwangciswa kweprojekthi kunye nokulawula.
Selenne ERP
Selenne ERP Yisoftware ekhethekileyo yobunjineli kunye neeprojekthi, ezidibanisa imisebenzi efana Ulawulo lwamaxwebhu, uhlalutyo loqoqosho lweprojekthi, iCRM kunye ne-invoyisi. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kuyenza ilungele iinkampani ezilawula iiprojekthi ezininzi ngaxeshanye.
Ubunjineli beSolmicro ERP
I-Solmicro Sesinye isisombululo se-ERP esimela ukuba elungiselelwe ngokukodwa kwicandelo lobunjineli. Ikunceda ukuba ulawule uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ulawule ukuthenga, ucwangcise izinto, kwaye ugcine imida yenzuzo phantsi kolawulo lweprojekthi nganye.
Kukho uluhlu olubanzi lweenkqubo eziyilelwe ukuququzelela umsebenzi weenjineli kwiinkalo zabo ezahlukeneyo zobuchwephesha. Ukusuka kwimodeli ye-3D ukuya kulawulo lomgangatho, ulawulo lweshishini, kunye ne-automation, isoftware nganye inikezela ngeempawu ezithile ezinokuthi zenze umehluko ekusebenzeni kweprojekthi yobugcisa. Ukukhetha isixhobo esifanelekileyo kunye nokuqonda ukusetyenziswa kwayo akupheleli nje ekufezekiseni iinkqubo, kodwa ikwaphucula umgangatho wesiphumo sokugqibela, iqhuba ukuqamba izinto ezintsha, kwaye iphakamisa iprofayile yobuchwephesha kwindawo eyandayo.