Ukusungula umdlalo ohambelana ngokwenene nabaphulaphuli kungaphezulu kwekhowudi kunye nemizobo ekhanyayo: emva kwayo kukho. Iqhinga, uyilo olugxile kumdlali, kunye neempawu zokuqala zokutsaleka ukuba kufanelekile ukwazi indlela yokufumanisa. Ukuba uphakathi kophuhliso kwaye uyazibuza ukuba ukwindlela elungileyo, apha uya kufumana uphononongo olubanzi kunye nolunokuthathwa.
Ishishini ayisiyonto incinci: eSpain yavelisa I-2.339 yeebhiliyoni zee-euro ngo-2023 (AEVI), kwaye ngo-2018 sele sele idlulile ngokulula ifilimu kunye nomculo kunye ne-1.530 billion. Abaphulaphuli baninzi kwaye bahlukene; inyaniso, 16,8 yezigidi zabantu Badlale eSpain ngo-2018, beneminyaka engama-36 ubudala kunye nomkhwa wokudlala malunga neeyure ezintlanu ngeveki. Kulo mongo, lixesha lokucacisa ukuba yintoni umdlalo wevidiyo ekufuneka ubenayo ukuze uphumelele ngokwenyani.
Isiphakamiso esicacileyo: "i-elevator pitch" ephumelela wonke umntu
Uphawu lokuqala lokuba wenza kakuhle kukuba ungawuchaza umdlalo wakho kuwo Isivakalisi esinye esiqaqambisa ixabiso lakho elahlukileyo. Isenokuba ngumkhandi wenoveli, ubugcisa bobuhle obukhaliphileyo, okanye ingxelo enyanzelisayo, kodwa kufuneka icace. Ukuzama ukugubungela yonke into kudla ngokunciphisa ubuntu beprojekthi, ngelixa izihloko zigqama Bachaza ikhonkco labo kakuhle kakhulu kwaye uyigcine kwisigqibo ngasinye soyilo.
Cinga ngoku njengesihluzo sakho esingaguquguqukiyo: ukuba umbono awuqinisekisi loo khonkco, iphumile. Ukusasazwa okuncinci, ukuzazisi ngakumbiKwaye ewe, yivavanye ngokuvakalayo: ukuba umntu okumameleyo uyibambe kwangoko, uphezu kwento ethile.
Umdla wokwenyani ngaphambi kokusungulwa: uluntu kunye nokuqinisekiswa
Omnye umqondiso onamandla kukuba kukho ulindelo lwendalo phambi kokuba uphume. Abantu abacela imihla, babelane ngenkqubela, bajoyine iDiscord, okanye baphendule uphando: yonke loo nto yigolide. Ayikonyusa nje ukubonakala kwakho; ikunika ingxelo yokuqala. ipolisha imveliso ngexesha.
Ngaphaya koko, into yokuba abapapashi, abatyali-zimali, okanye iingcali zinomdla ngaphandle kokuba ubasukele luphawu lwexabiso lemarike. Xa umntu efuna ukubheja kuwe, kungenxa yokuba ebona amandla orhwebo kunye noyilo olungaguquguqukiyoNgeli xesha, kuyafaneleka ukujonga imizekelo eyavela kwiindawo zoqeqesho kwaye yathatha, njengomdlalo othusayo I-Occultist evela kwi-studio ye-Valladolid i-DALOAR Studios (eyayiyi-Pentakill Studios ngaphambili), okanye imeko ye-Frostfire, umdlalo wokulwa owavela kwi-EVAD ecosystem ngenxa yenkxaso yabafundi bangaphambili be-master.
Umdlalo obandakanyayo kunye nokufikeleleka okulinganayo
Umdlali ophakathi ufuna umngeni, kodwa kwakhona yiva inkqubela ngaphandle kokubetha udongaUyilo olulungeleleneyo ludibanisa ubunzulu kwabo bafuna ukuyilawula inkqubo ngegophe lokufunda elithambileyo kubaqalayo. Ukuba uzama ngeeprofayili ezahlukeneyo kwaye wonke umntu uyayonwabela, yinto a iflegi yebhalansi eluhlaza.
Olona vavanyo luphezulu lubizwa ngokuba lugcino: ukuba abavavanyi bakho bacela "enye ngaphezulu," usondele kwinto ekhethekileyo. Ukuba "andikwazi ukubeka isilawuli phantsi" akusiyo into eyenzekayo; sisiphumo se I-loops yomdlalo olungelelanisiweyo kunye nemivuzo efike ngexesha ezondla inkuthazo yangaphakathi.
Ukucwangcisa uyilo olusuka kumbindi wayo, indlela ye-MDA (iMechanics, Dynamics and Aesthetics) icacisa: oomatshini bachaza into eyenziwa ngumdlali, i-dynamics ivela ekusebenzisaneni kwabo kunye nenkqubo kunye ne-aesthetics ebandakanya. iimvakalelo ozivusayoUkuba ulungelelanisa imigangatho emithathu, uphakamisa amava.
I-Psychology isetyenziswe kwi-UX: ukusetyenziswa lula, ukuzimela kunye nememori
Injongo yemidlalo yevidiyo kukonwabisa, kwaye ukufezekisa oku, kubalulekile ukuba ungalwi nengqondo yomntu. UVeronica Zammitto (EA) ushwankathela iimfuneko ezininzi: ukusebenziseka lula (ulawulo olucacileyo kunye neenjongo), ukuzimela (ukunika ukhetho olunentsingiselo), ubuchule (ukuphucula ngokuziqhelanisa), kunye nentlalontle (ukudibanisa nabanye). Ukuba udibanisa ezi ntsika, ulwaneliseko luyanda.
"Ukuphinda udlale kwakhona" kukwabalulekile: ukuqinisekisa ukuba isihloko sigcina iindidi nasemva kwemidlalo emininzi. Oku kuphunyezwa yimidlalo evumela iindima ezahlukeneyo, ukwakha ezahlukeneyo okanye iimeko ezivelayo ezihlaziywayo kwiseshoni nganye. Ukugcina umngeni umtsha kwandisa ubomi beprojekthi.
Ingcali ye-UX uCelia Hodent usikhumbuza ukuba ukuqonda kuxhomekeke, ingqalelo inqabile, kwaye imemori iyasilela. Ukuziphatha kwebali: qinisekisa ukuba umdlali bona into ebalulekileyo xa ichukumisa, kunqande ukunxibelelana nezinto ezibalulekileyo ngexesha lomthwalo ophezulu wokuqonda kwaye uhlaziye oko ukwenzileyo okokugqibela xa ubuyela kumdlalo emva kweentsuku ezininzi. I-Fortnite ibonisa umbono "ngeresiphi" yeenjongo zokungena, ukuqinisa umsebenzisi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Xa uguqulela oku kujongano lwakho kunye nokukhwela: musa ukulayisha ngaphezulu, khokela ngemiqondiso ecacileyo kwaye usasaze ulwazi. Kwaye ukuba ufuna uthethathethwano, vula iindlela zoku intetho yomntu kunye nentsebenziswano (jonga iMinecraft okanye i iindlela zentsebenziswano oko kuhambelana nokhuphiswano).
Inkqubela phambili, ibhalansi kunye nemodeli yoshishino
Inkqubo yakho yokuqhubela phambili kufuneka igweme ukuphindaphinda nokukhuthaza imvakalelo yokuqhubeka rhoqoCinga ngobunzima bokulinganisa, ukuvuleka okunentsingiselo, iinjongo zexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide, kunye nokuhamba okugcina umdlali kwindawo yakhe efanelekileyo yomngeni.
Qaphela ngokulinganisela: ukuba umdlalo awulingani, imbono yokungalungi yonakalisa yonke into. Kwaye nge micropayments, yingozi kabiniUkuba uhlawula ukuphumelela, amava ahlupheka; khetha umxholo wezithambiso okanye ukwandiswa okungaphazamisi ukudlala ngokufanelekileyo. Ukulinganisa uqoqosho lwangaphakathi yinxalenye yoyilo, hayi ukulungiswa komzuzu wokugqibela.
Isicwangciso a imephu yendlela Ubuncinci kunyaka wokuqala: uhlaziyo olufanelekileyo, iziganeko, umgangatho wokuphucula ubomi, kunye neendlela ezinobungozi (iindlela, amabali, okanye intsebenziswano). I-Scalability yenye yeempawu ezinkulu zemidlalo ezizigcinayo ngokuhamba kwexesha, nokuba kunge-DLC, amaxesha onyaka, okanye ukuvela. ube yi-franchise.
Iintlobo kunye neendlela ezitsala abaphulaphuli
Ukhuphiswano yimagnethi. Njengoko u-Alberto Sastre (Deusto Formación) ebonisa, owona mzobo mkhulu udla ngokukhuphisana: ukusuka kubadubuli abanereyithingi ukuya kwizihloko ezinomboniso. ezemidlalo eziqhuba abaphulaphuli kunye nenkxaso yosasazo. Ukuyila ukhuphiswano kufuna ukuchaneka kwi-balance, ukucaca kweenjongo, kunye neenkqubo zokufanisa ukuba hlonipha inqanaba lomdlali.
Kwi-PC, ii-MMORPG zihlala zomelele ngenxa yokukwazi kwabo ukudala ihlabathi elizingisayo kunye noluntu oluthi Bafumana ukunyaniseka ngeziganeko nenkqubela yentlaloKwiselfowuni, imidlalo engasebenziyo iyimpumelelo kuba ikuvumela ukuba uqhubele phambili ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha elininzi; rhoqo kwenziwa imali ngeentengiso ekwabonelela ngeenzuzo kumsebenzisi gcina i-loop inomtsalane.
Ukusuka kwingcamango ukuya kwinqanawa: iziseko kunye nezigaba
Ngaphambi kokuba uvule injini, qonda ukuba kutheni umbono wakho usebenza. Yenza imithetho, iinjongo, imivuzo, kunye nemida. Imodeli ye-MDA, kwakhona, iya kukunyanzela ukuba wenze njalo lungelelanisa ubuchwephesha, amandla kunye nobuhle ngohlobo lochulumanco oluleqayo. Ukufunda ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni eyenza inkqubo ibe likhoboka kunye nendlela yokuyilinganisa ngaphandle kokuyaphula ngamandla amakhulu.
Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo ophuhliso: 1) Umbono kunye umahluko2) Isakhiwo: amanqanaba, abalinganiswa, izinto, kunye nenkqubo yokuqhubela phambili. 3) Ukucwangcisa: iprototyping ngokukhawuleza, iteration, kunye nokuzinza. 4) Ubugcisa kunye nesandi: izinto ezibonakalayo kunye neaudio azikho umhombiso, babala umdlalo5) QA: Uvavanyo olunzulu, uhlengahlengiso lobunzima, kunye nokulungiswa kwe-bug. I-6) Ukuqaliswa kunye nokusabalalisa: Iiplatifomu, iivenkile, kunye noluntu olulungele ukukwamkela.
Ukusuka kwibala loqeqesho, kukho iindlela ezilungiselelwe ukwenza umtsi wobuchule: iinkqubo ze UkuCwangciswa koMdlalo weVidiyo kunye noYilo, Ubugcisa be-2D kunye noopopayi be-3D abafundiswa ngamaqela anamava emveliso yokwenyani banceda ukwenza mfutshane ijiko lokufunda, baziqhelanise neeprojekthi ezikhokelwayo kunye yenza inethiwekhi yabafowunelwa luncedo kubapapashi kunye nezitudiyo.
Indlela ye-Indie: Ukubonakala, Ukugcinwa, kunye noLawulo lwexesha
Ukuba yi-indie kuyamangalisa, kodwa ukhuphiswano lunzima. Into yokuqala kukuba ukubonakala: Ukwahluke kwindlela efanayo, nxibelelana kakuhle, kwaye ufikelele kwi-niche yakho rhoqo. Ukukopa ngenxa yokukopa akufane kwenzeke: ukuba abantu bafuna uMario, badlala uMario.
Ukuthatha ifomyula kunye nokuyiphucula inokuba licebo elilungileyo: I-Candy Crush ayizange ivelise umdlalo wesi-3, kodwa yayiyazi indlela yokuyiqhelanisa neselfowuni, ukufikeleleka kwepolishi kwaye wenze imali ngobulumkoNantso ke into ephambili: ukunika into eqhelekileyo ngokujijwa okufanelekileyo kubaphulaphuli bakho.
Ukugcinwa kuza nomxholo owandisiweyo: amanqanaba amatsha kwiipuzzle, izahluko ezibalisayo Kwii-RPG, iminyhadala, okanye imingeni yeveki kumdlalo wokhuphiswano. Ukusuka kuyilo lwenqanaba ukuya ebalini, yonke into ibalulekile ukwenza umdlali azive ngathi ixesha lakhe lifanelekile.
Kwiindleko kunye nemihla ebekiweyo: zama ukuqiniseka ukuba iprojekthi yakho yokuqala ayandi ngaphezu unyaka omnye okanye emibiniNgaphandle kwerekhodi, kunzima ukutsala utyalo-mali, ngoko kufanelekile ukwakha amava (kunye nempumelelo encinci) ukuxhasa inyathelo lakho elilandelayo. Njengalo naluphi na urhwebo, ufunda apha ngokusebenzisana nabanye ngaphambi kokuba usete esakho istudiyo.
Ubugcisa, ukuthembeka kunye nemvelaphi: ilizwi lakho njengomyili
USherida Halatoe ugxininisa ukuba imidlalo ephawulayo iphakamisa amava onokuthi uwadale kuphela. Akukho mfuneko yokusukela ubunyani bokufota; yenza nje ihlabathi ukuba likholwe ngokwalo. Linga ngezitayile zobugcisa, yiba nesibindi ngethoni, kwaye uvumele umbono wakho utyhutyha zonke iinkcukacha.
Imvelaphi ayisiyondebe, kukuziqhelanisa. Ukuba into sele yenziwe ngendlela efanayo, isenokungafanelanga ukuphinda. Kunoko, indlela yobuqu—imbono, ubuchwephesha, ukuba nengqiqo—inokutshintsha ingcamango eqhelekileyo into entsha.
Abalinganiswa abadlalekayo kunye neemvakalelo
Abalinganiswa yinqwelo yebali, hayi iploti ngokwalo. Qinisekisa ukuba iimvakalelo ziyadluliselwa. ngokudlala umdlalo: izigqibo ezibuhlungu, imingcipheko ebalulekileyo, imivuzo evakalayo. Ukuba unokwenza umdlali azive kunye nomlinganiswa, ubethe isikhonkwane entloko.
Sukuxhonywa kwiileyibhile ezinje "ayingomdlalo wevidiyo lo"; amava yeyona nto ibalulekileyoUkuba isindululo sakho siyachulumancisa, ifomathi iya kufumana indawo yayo.
Imikhwa yokusebenza kunye nokhathalelo lwezixhobo
Uphuhliso asilombaleki. Suka kude nekhompyuter xa ilixesha, lala kamnandi Kwaye ungazibethi ngokuzithelekisa nabanye. Zibuze ukuba kutheni usenza imidlalo kwaye ukhumbule ukuba ukungaphumeleli yinxalenye yenkqubo.
Qaphela iziseko zomthetho: fumana iingcebiso malunga nepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, izivumelwano, kunye nedatha yomsebenzisi. Kwaye hlukana, apho kunokwenzeka, isazisi sakho sesiphumo seprojekthiOku kukunceda ukuba uphindaphinde ngentloko epholileyo kwaye wenze izigqibo eziphilileyo.
Umdlalo njengenzululwazi: ukwenza imodeli kunye nokuvavanya amava
Ukusuka kwiYunivesithi yaseGranada, uJosé Luis González Sánchez kunye noFrancisco Luis Gutiérrez Vela bakhokele umgca wophando oluchaza umdlalo njengeseti yeepropati ezichaza amava omdlali ngenkqubo yomdlalo, enenjongo ecacileyo: ukonwabisa ngendlela eyanelisayo nethembekileyo, uwedwa okanye kwinkampani.
Ukudlala umdlalo, bachaza, badibanisa iimpawu ezisebenzayo (eziqhelekileyo kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo edibeneyo) kunye neempawu ezingasebenziyo (amava azuzayo umdlali). Ngokusekwe kwizixhobo zemfundo kunye nemidlalo yevidiyo yaseklasini ephuhliswe kwiiprojekthi zangaphambili, umsebenzi wabo uye phambili misela ngokusesikweni kwaye ulungelelanise iikhrayitheriya zokuvavanya imidlalo yevidiyo.
Baqala kwizinto ezibalulekileyo-uyintoni umdlalo wevidiyo, zeziphi iindawo owenziwe ngazo kunye nendlela ezinxibelelana ngayo-ukuze "ziyimodeli" kwaye zibe nobuchule. isakhelo sethiyori sohlalutyo evumela uphononongo lwawo nawuphi na umba wendlela. Kakade kwi-2009, babonise ubunzima bezoqoqosho becandelo eSpeyin, kunye namanani angaphezu kwalawo omculo kunye nefilimu, ngokwe-ADESE.
Upapasho lweqela eliqaphelekayo: uPadilla Zea, uGonzález Sánchez, uGutiérrez, uCabrera noPaderewski, "Uyilo lweMidlalo yeVidiyo yabadlali abaninzi beMfundo. Umbono ovela kwiSifundo soBambiswano" ( I-Advances in Engineering Software, Elsevier, 2009, Doi:10.1016/j.ad2009.01.023. kunye nezahluko ezithi "Ukudlala: Indlela yokuchonga amava oMdlali kuMdlalo weVidiyo" (INTERACT-2009, LNCS 5726, Springer) kunye "Ukususela ekuSebenziseni ukuKudlala: Intshayelelo yeNkqubo yoPhuhliso lweMidlalo yeVidiyo ePhambili" (HCII-2009, LNCS 4739, Springer). Zizimbekiselo eziphambili ukuba unomdla ekudibaneni kweHCI kunye noyilo lomdlalo.
Uqhagamshelwano lomphandi: José Luis González Sánchez, iSebe leeLwimi kunye neeNkqubo zeKhompyutha (UGR). Umnxeba: 626 578 988I-imeyile: ugres (umtya obfuscated kumthombo). Ukuba usebenza ngedatha ebuthathaka, hlala udibana neyunivesithi okanye umcebisi wezomthetho.
Idatha yentengiso kunye nendlela yokuyisebenzisa ukuze uzuze
ISpain yimarike yesithathu ngobukhulu kwi-EU (emva kweJamani neFransi). Ukuthengiswa ngokomzimba kunye nedijithali kuyanda, kwaye uluntu luyakhula, lukhuthazwa umchachazo kunye neziganeko. Kuwe, oku kuguqulela kwiilevers ezimbini: fumana uhlobo apho isiphakamiso sakho sikhanya khona kunye nokuyila abaphulaphuli bokwenyani abadla loo mxholo (kungekhona ebekufanele ukuba ).
Iingxelo zeengcali zigxininisa ukuba iinkqubo zokulinganisa ixesha, ukubonakala okubonakalayo kunye nokulinganisela kubalulekile ziphephe imvakalelo yokuphindaphinda kunye nokulahlwa. Imephu yendlela yoluntu ethembekileyo echaza ikamva lomdlalo yomeleza ukuzithemba kwaye inceda ukulungelelanisa okulindelweyo.
Uqeqesho, abacebisi kunye ne-ecosystem
Passion drives, kodwa izikhokelo zoqeqesho. Iimeko ezingqongileyo ezifana ne-EVAD Formación zijolise kwiinkqubo ezigxininise kakhulu Ukucwangcisa nokuYila, 2D Art kunye ne-3D Animation, kunye nootitshala abaphumeleleyo iimveliso zasebukhosiniOlu qeqesho lunciphisa amaxesha okufunda, luveze imingeni kwishishini, kwaye lwandise inethiwekhi yakho.
Kukwakho nezidanga zaseyunivesiti ezigxile kuMdlalo weVidiyo kunye nokuBaliswa kwamabali anezixhobo ezihlaziyiweyo kunye namaqela okufundisa awodwa. Into ephambili kukudibanisa isiseko sethiyori (uyilo, i-MDA, inkcazo, i-UX) kunye neeprojekthi zokuphela. Uqheliselo olukhokelwayo, ngcono ipotifoliyo yakho iya kufika.
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo eluncedo ukuba icace malunga: 1) Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani? Kuxhomekeke kwibhongo lakho, kodwa kunokusukela kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka. 2) Ngaba ufuna izakhono zokucwangcisa? Kukho iinjini ezikuvumela ukuba uqalise ngaphandle kolwazi oluphambili, nangona ukuqonda ingqiqo Yongeza kakhulu. 3) Amathuba omsebenzi? Ukucwangcisa, uyilo lwenqanaba, ubugcisa, oopopayi, iaudio, imveliso, kunye ne-QA, phakathi kwabanye.
Ukukhutshwa kweendaba kunye nohlalutyo lweshishini ngamanye amaxesha lubandakanya umgca wethegi "ulwazi olunikezwe yinkampani," uphawu oluluncedo lokuqaphela umxholo kunye nendlela kumthombo ngamnye. Hlala uthelekisa kwaye ubeke phambili idatha evela kwimibutho efana ne-AEVI kunye nopapasho lwezemfundo xa ucwangcisa isicwangciso sakho.
Ukuba sibeka yonke into, umfanekiso uyacaca: umdlalo wevidiyo onethuba lokuphumelela udla ngokubonisa isindululo esisodwa, Uluntu olusebenzayo nakwi-pre-release, ifikeleleke kodwa i-gameplay enzulu, ukuqhubela phambili okuphepha i-monotony, ibhalansi eqinile, i-psychology eqondwa kakuhle kunye ne-UX, i-scalability kunye ne-roadmap, kunye nesiseko soyilo oluqinileyo oluxhaswa ngoqeqesho kunye novavanyo lomsebenzisi. Yongeza owakho umbono wobugcisa, imikhwa elungileyo yokusebenza, kunye novelwano kwimodeli yeshishini, kwaye uya kuba kufutshane kakhulu ekwenzeni umdlalo wakho ungathandwa kuphela, kodwa ukuhlala.
